BLENDED-FINANCE---1200X628

__Wednesday, December 10th, 4:00pm EAT__

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Africa faces a defining challenge - and opportunity - in financing its green transition.

According to Convergence, blended finance has already mobilized over $90 billion across the continent, mostly in energy and infrastructure. Yet major opportunities remain in agriculture, nature-based solutions, and climate resilience - especially those tapping into local capital markets.

This webinar explores the next frontier of blended finance innovation - showcasing practical strategies to de-risk investments and attract both international and local private capital.

The webinar will feature:
- A clear view of Africa’s blended finance landscape and emerging trends
- Insights into deal structures that mobilize private investment
- Practical de-risking strategies to make projects bankable
- Case studies of successful climate and green economy transactions

Structuring for Scale: How Blended Finance Can Unlock Bankable Green Projects in Africa

This webinar explores the next frontier of blended finance innovation - showcasing practical strategies to de-risk investments and attract both international and local private capital.

Blended Finance for Green Projects in Africa

Deal Connect: December 2025

__Tuesday, December 9, 2025, 9:00AM - 10:00AM ET__

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Join Convergence for an informative webinar that will connect you to a selection of blended finance investment opportunities in emerging markets. During this interactive session, Convergence members will share details about their investment opportunities that are listed on our live deal platform. This is a great opportunity to explore new and unique transactions and learn from developments in the broader blended finance ecosystem.

During the session, we will present two opportunities:

__Mirova Sustainable Land Fund 2__ 
Mirova’s Sustainable Land Fund 2 targets sustainable agriculture and forestry. It provides long-term financing (debt/equity) for projects promoting sustainable land use, especially through regenerative agriculture and agroforestry. Building on the success of the Land Degradation Neutrality Fund managed by Mirova, it leverages Mirova’s expertise in natural capital. The fund primarily targets emerging countries, with an existing project pipeline in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

 

__Catalyst Fund Resilience I__ 
Catalyst Fund Resilience I is a blended equity fund targeting pan-African early-stage tech ventures enabling climate adaptation and resilience. The fund combines capital and hands-on venture building support to scale startups to success, building on its track record with two prior accelerator funds.

This webinar series is exclusive to investors registered on the Convergence platform.

Join us for an informative webinar that will connect you to relevant blended finance investment opportunities in emerging markets.

networking event flier

__Thursday, November 27th, 5:30pm – 8:00pm EAT__

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Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Kenya, Rebel Advisory East Africa, and Convergence Blended Finance invite you to a networking event in Nairobi. 

The session will bring together partners of the organizers and other stakeholders working in nature-based solutions comprising impact investors, institutional investors, donor agencies, development banks, and sponsors of blended finance deals. Attendees will have the opportunity to connect with like-minded individuals/institutions engaged in blended finance, make new contacts, exchange ideas, and more.

If you'd like to attend please reach out to __basil.kandaya@convergence.finance__.

*Registration is open on a first come, first served basis.*

Networking Reception: Blended Finance as a Catalyst for Scaling Nature-Based Solutions

Join the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Kenya, Rebel Advisory East Africa, and Convergence Blended Finance for a networking reception in Nairobi, Kenya

Networking Reception in Nairobi

The Role of Insurance in Blended Finance: From Risk Solutions to Investment Capital

Insurance remains a powerful yet still limited tool in blended finance, one that holds untapped potential to mobilize private capital and enhance risk management. The insurance sector can be a multi-dimensional partner in blended finance, contributing market expertise, risk solutions, and capital. Their engagement can span three key roles: (i) as __Risk Advisors__, guiding the design and feasibility of blended finance transactions; (ii) as __(Re)Insurers__, providing coverage within de-risked blended transactions or underwriting blended insurance products supported by concessional capital; and (iii) as __Investors__, deploying assets under management into blended vehicles.

The session will open with key insights, data, and trends from our latest "Playbook on the Insurance Sector’s Roles in Blended Finance at the Climate-Health Nexus" produced in partnership with the Global Asia Insurance Partnership (GAIP). This will be followed by two 20-minute case study presentations, each demonstrating a distinct way the insurance sector can engage in blended finance:

__Room2Run (AfDB)__: A landmark USD 2 billion synthetic risk transfer enabled the African Development Bank to free up lending capacity for high-priority sectors, especially climate finance. Through this transaction, the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) and three private insurers provided risk coverage on the Bank’s sovereign portfolio, creating new headroom for fresh lending across regional member countries.

__IDI Sao Mai and AquaOne (GuarantCo)__: showcasing how a full guarantee attracted insurance investors to finance national infrastructure.

Join us on 26 November at 9:00 AM ET for this webinar featuring expert speakers from across the insurance and blended finance ecosystem.

Member Training: The Role of Insurance in Blended Finance: From Risk Solutions to Investment Capital

Join us for our next member training exploring the role of insurance in blended finance.

Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator: Information Session

__Thursday, November 13, 2025 at 2pm AEDT / 11am SGT__

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We invite you to join us virtually for an information session on the [Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator](https://www.convergence.finance/accelerator/dfatngo). The Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator is a partnership between the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) and Convergence Blended Finance. The accelerator will provide catalytic grant funding and acceleration support to NGOs that aim to design, launch, pilot, scale-up and expand the blended finance vehicles. Through the Accelerator, NGOs can access funding at different stages of developing a blended finance vehicle, from early scoping and feasibility studies to pilot transactions and expansion, while also benefiting from capacity building support from tailored curriculum, peer-to-peer learning opportunities, data and analytics, access to Convergence network of investors and other ecosystem players, and ongoing portfolio support and technical feedback to help design and scale investable vehicle for climate action and gender equality. The accelerator aims to support NGOs to create an investable pipeline of high-impact vehicles that unlock private capital for advancing climate action and gender equality across the Indo-Pacific region.

__Register for the webinar to:__ 
 
- Get an overview of the Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator and how it supports NGOs in the region
- Hear directly from DFAT Australia on their vision and objectives for the program
- Gain insights from an NGO grantee on designing blended finance vehicles and mobilizing capital
- Understand the application process, including eligibility criteria and how proposals will be evaluated
- Ask your questions during a live Q&A and more!
 

__Who should join:__ 
- NGOs exploring or developing blended finance solutions targeting climate action and/or gender equality in the Indo-Pacific.
- NGO-affiliated impact investment arms and technical partners.
- Other ecosystem partners interested in blended finance collaborations with NGOs

The Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator is now open, and the deadline to submit expression of interest is __November 18, 2025__. Visit [this page](https://www.convergence.finance/accelerator/dfatngo) to learn more and apply.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nphHFV67QR0

Watch a replay of the information session on the [Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator](https://www.convergence.finance/accelerator/dfatngo). The Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator is a partnership between the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) and Convergence Blended Finance. The accelerator will provide catalytic grant funding and acceleration support to NGOs that aim to design, launch, pilot, scale-up and expand the blended finance vehicles. Through the Accelerator, NGOs can access funding at different stages of developing a blended finance vehicle, from early scoping and feasibility studies to pilot transactions and expansion, while also benefiting from capacity building support from tailored curriculum, peer-to-peer learning opportunities, data and analytics, access to Convergence network of investors and other ecosystem players, and ongoing portfolio support and technical feedback to help design and scale investable vehicle for climate action and gender equality. The accelerator aims to support NGOs to create an investable pipeline of high-impact vehicles that unlock private capital for advancing climate action and gender equality across the Indo-Pacific region.

__What we covered at the launch:__
 
- An overview of the Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator and how it supports NGOs in the region
- Insights from DFAT Australia on their vision and objectives for the program
- Insights from an NGO grantee on designing blended finance vehicles and mobilizing capital
- Details about the application process, including eligibility criteria and how proposals will be evaluated
- Questions and answers about the intiative.
 

The Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator is now open, and the deadline to submit expression of interest is __November 18, 2025__. Visit [this page](https://www.convergence.finance/accelerator/dfatngo) to learn more and apply.

DFAT NGO Accelerator Slide deck

We invite you to join us virtually for an information session on the Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator.

Info Session: Indo-Pacific NGO Blended Finance Accelerator

saopaulonetworking nov25 web v2

__Member Networking Breakfast in São Paulo, Friday, November 7, 9:00am - 11:00am BRT__

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Join Convergence and Latimpacto for a morning networking session with members and partners in São Paulo on November 7, 2025. Connect with impact investors, institutional investors, donors, development banks, and sponsors of blended finance deals. Attendees will have ample time to exchange ideas and discuss blended finance initiatives.

Registration is open on a first come first served basis.

Member Networking Breakfast in São Paulo

Join us for a networking breakfast in São Paulo.

Networking Event in São Paulo

COP30-DeRisking-Latam-Event

__Tuesday, November 4, 4:30pm BRT__

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Join Convergence alongside Howden, United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative, AXA, CAF - Development Bank of Latin America, and BNP Paribas for this COP30 side-event.

Climate finance in Latin America & Caribbean (LAC) has increased in recent years, but it is still insufficient to meet the region’s capex needs to achieve decarbonization goals. De-risking mechanisms and resources will be an instrumental measure for this climate capital mobilization, as their strategic use can reduce project-related risks, making investments more attractive and accessible to investors.

Different mechanisms can be leveraged when executing a de-risking strategy, and four case studies, brought by Convergence, AXA, CAF - Development bank of Latin America, BNP Paribas, will illustrate how these risks and instruments pragmatically materialize climate deals.

This event will serve as a private roundtable space for discussing de-risking strategies for climate financing through practical examples from regional peers, aiming to reinforce transition financing efforts among Latin America’s financial sector participants. A space for networking and a social reception will foster dialogue and serve as a closure of the session.

*Share your expression of interest (no later than Friday, 31st October) to attend this event. Please note that registration does not mean confirmation. A confirmation will be sent to your email with the exact address.*

De-Risking Latin America & Caribbean: Profiling effective solutions to finance the climate transition

Join us for a private roundtable event for discussing de-risking strategies for climate financing in LAC.

De-Risking Latin America & Caribbean

CBF-Forum-Launch-websitebanner

To celebrate its 10th anniversary, Convergence will host the first ever Global Blended Finance Forum in Washington, DC at the Fairmont Georgetown Hotel from November 3-5, 2025.

This first of its kind gathering will bring together a wide spectrum of blended finance practitioners to share insights, discuss market trends, and break down silos, with an aim towards defining the next decade of blended finance.

The Forum will offer a variety of programming focused on the most urgent blended finance issues including private sector and local capital mobilization, data transparency, and standardization. Attendees will also have the opportunity to participate in multiple networking opportunities designed to foster collaboration and inspire and galvanize them to shape the future of blended finance.

Convergence members get access to preferred pricing. Early bird member tickets are $500 (compared to $750 for non-members). To get the discounted rate, reach out to your relationship manager.

*Early bird registration is currently open. Follow the [event LinkedIn page](https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/global-blended-finance-forum/) for up to date information, including newly announced speakers, agenda items, and themes.*

Global Blended Finance Forum

To celebrate its 10th anniversary, Convergence will host the first ever Global Blended Finance Forum in Washington, DC from November 3-5, 2025.

Convergence Global Blended Finance Forum

sobf25 climate web v2

Join us virtually for the launch of our 2025 State of Climate Blended Finance report on __Monday, November 3 at 9:15AM ET__, where we will share data trends, insights, and recommendations from the report. This year’s report assesses the state of climate blended finance in light of the Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development held in Seville earlier this year, and sets out the key challenges and opportunities facing the market in the years ahead.

In addition to presenting highlights from the report, the virtual launch will also feature a panel discussion exploring how the market can address the critical challenges facing climate blended finance. 

The panel will include: 
__Joan Miquel Carrillo__, Blended Finance Principal Officer, IDB Invest 
__Tim Streeter__, Global Head of Investor Relations, Private Infrastructure Development Group 
__Elizabeth Beall__, Managing Director, Finance Earth 
__Luke Franson__, Director of Fund Management & FX/Treasury, Finance in Motion 

The 2025 State of Climate Blended Finance complements our 2025 State of Blended Finance, which covered the overall blended finance market and was released earlier this year.Explore the 2025 State of Blended Finance [here](https://www.convergence.finance/resource/state-of-blended-finance-2025/view).

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Read the 2025 State of Climate Blended Finance [here](https://www.convergence.finance/resource/state-of-climate-blended-finance-2025/view).

Watch a recording of the launch below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gTq8QAGf9c

2025 State of Climate Blended Finance Virtual Launch

Convergence is launching the 2025 State of Climate Blended Finance on Monday, November 3 at 9:15AM ET. This report, with a focus on climate, complements our 2025 State of Blended Finance which covered the overall blended finance market and was released earlier this year.

2025 State of Climate Blended Finance Launch

Blended Finance Training for Canadian Fund and Asset Managers (Toronto)

__Wednesday, October 15, 2025, 9:00AM - 12:00PM__

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(Le français suit/French follows) 
 

Convergence, with support from [Global Affairs Canada](https://www.international.gc.ca/global-affairs-affaires-mondiales/home-accueil.aspx?lang=eng), is proud to introduce a new skill-building initiative under its [Blended Finance Accelerator for Fund Managers (A4FM)](https://www.convergence.finance/accelerator/a4fm). Blended finance—using catalytic capital from public or philanthropic sources to attract private sector investment—is a key approach to mobilizing investment in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). This initiative aims to enhance the skills of Canadian fund and asset managers in designing and structuring blended finance vehicles for EMDEs, enabling both diversification and market-adjusted risk-return, while meeting the growing demand for sustainable investments.

This session will bring together participants from the Canadian sustainable finance space, equipping them with practical, hands-on knowledge through Convergence’s proprietary training materials and real-world case study presentations from leading fund and asset managers. It will also offer insights from mainstream asset managers and impact fund managers on scoping, launching, and deploying blended finance vehicles to attract concessional and commercial investors, thereby unlocking new opportunities and expanding their reach in EMDEs.

We will additionally be hosting a second standalone training in Montreal in early 2026, for those who may find that location more convenient.

*Registration is subject to pre-approval. You will be notified of your approval status shortly after submission.*

(FRANÇAIS/FRENCH)

Convergence, avec le soutien [Affaires mondiales Canada](https://www.international.gc.ca/global-affairs-affaires-mondiales/home-accueil.aspx?lang=eng), est fière de présenter une nouvelle initiative de renforcement des compétences dans le cadre de son programme [Accélérateur de financement mixte pour les gestionnaires de fonds (A4FM)](https://www.convergence.finance/accelerator/a4fm). Le financement mixte, qui consiste à utiliser des capitaux catalytiques provenant de sources publiques ou philanthropiques pour attirer les investissements du secteur privé, est une approche clé pour mobiliser les investissements dans les marchés émergents et les économies en développement (EMDEs). Cette initiative vise à améliorer les compétences des gestionnaires de fonds et d'actifs canadiens dans la conception et la structuration de véhicules de financement mixte pour les EMDEs, permettant à la fois la diversification et un rapport risque-rendement ajusté au marché, tout en répondant à la demande croissante d'investissements durables.

Cette session réunira des participants issus du secteur canadien de la finance durable et leur permettra d'acquérir des connaissances pratiques grâce au matériel de formation exclusif de Convergence et à des présentations d'études de cas réels par des gestionnaires de fonds et d'actifs de premier plan. Elle offrira également des informations provenant de gestionnaires d'actifs traditionnels et de gestionnaires de fonds d'impact sur la définition, le lancement et le déploiement de véhicules de financement mixte afin d'attirer des investisseurs concessionnels et commerciaux, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles opportunités et élargissant leur portée dans les EMDEs.

Nous organiserons également une deuxième formation indépendante à Montréal au début de l'année 2026, pour ceux qui trouveraient cet emplacement plus pratique.

*L'inscription est soumise à une pré-approbation. Vous serez informé de l'état de votre demande peu après l'avoir soumise.*

Join us for a training on blended finance for Canadian Fund and Asset Managers in Toronto.

Blended Finance Training for Canadian Fund & Asset Managers

Member Networking at the GIIN Investor Forum

__Tuesday, October 7, 2025, 6:30PM – 8:00PM CET, Berlin, Germany__

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Convergence invites you to our member networking reception on the sidelines of the GIIN Impact Forum in Berlin. Chat with other Convergence members, including impact investors, institutional investors, donors, development banks, and sponsors of blended finance deals. Join us to exchange ideas and discuss blended finance initiatives.

You do not need to be registered for the GIIN Impact Forum to attend our reception. Snacks and drinks will be served.

*Registration is on a first-come first-served basis, with a maximum of 2 people per organization.*

Convergence Member Networking in Berlin

Join us for a member networking event in Berlin.

Nordic Climate Dialogues 2025

__Wednesday, October 1, 2025 at 10:00–11:30 EEST__

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Join the discussion at Nordic Climate Dialogues 2025 on 1 October, the Nordic Development Fund (NDF)'s first-ever event for Nordic experts in the nexus of climate and development finance. The event will unpack bold climate solutions and explore how the Nordic region can come together and catalyse finance for real action.

The event brings together Nordic actors in the nexus of climate and development – high-level government representatives, financiers, strategic partners, think tanks, research institutions, and NGOs. Together with other Nordic actors, NDF will explore ways to mobilise financing at speed and scale, bring solutions to the table, and implement them.

Key topics include how Nordic countries and institutions can collaborate more effectively to mobilize climate finance, tangible ways to involve the private sector in adaptation in a meaningful way, and opportunities for collaboration in innovative finance, such as blended finance and concessional finance.

Join Convergence alongside the Nordic Development Fund (NDF) at the Nordic Climate Dialogues 2025 on 1 October, the NDF's first-ever event for Nordic experts in the nexus of climate and development finance.

RDF Ghana promotes access to finance for Micro, Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) engaged in the business of agriculture and/or renewable energy, especially women-owned businesses.

We spoke to Yaw Oppong, CEO at RDF Ghana about their origins, impact, gaps and opportunities they see in the field, how they see their activities evolving in the future, and much more.

__Please tell us about the origins of RDF Ghana and what market failures you were set up to solve.__

RDF Ghana is an impact-driven institution, founded in 2016 by the Government of Ghana and Impact Fund Denmark. The creation of RDF Ghana was driven by the need to address the limited access to affordable credit for MSMEs in the agriculture and renewable energy sectors. RDF Ghana was also established to strengthen the capacity of Partner Financial Institutions (PFIs) and value chain actors, addressing constraints that have limited effective credit utilization. With seed funding from the Danish Government, we began as a wholesale fund channeling capital through PFIs, particularly rural banks, to underserved markets. We have since evolved into a dynamic institution also providing direct financing and capacity-building to smallholder farmers organized as outgrower businesses and Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs). Our work systematically de-risks investments, builds climate resilience, and enhances the economic empowerment of women and youth.

__Describe your guarantee, line of credit, and technical assistance business. How do these offerings work together? What kinds of businesses / financial institutions do you typically partner with, and how does this help unlock additional private capital?__

__Credit Delivery - Direct and Indirect Financing__
RDF Ghana ensures capital reaches smallholder farmers through direct and indirect channels. We provide wholesale lines of credit to PFIs, mainly rural banks. We also offer direct input financing, which targets smallholder farmers organized into Outgrower Schemes and VSLAs, ensuring timely access to inputs and market linkages.

__De-risking With Credit Guarantees__
Our guarantee facility uses a 50% risk-sharing model (portfolio guarantee) to incentivize PFIs to increase lending to agriculture. This approach effectively unlocks capital for underserved borrowers by mitigating agricultural lending risks.

__Capacity-Building Through Technical Assistance__
Our Technical Assistance (TA) programs are designed to empower women and youth, strengthen the capacities of both farmers and financial institutions, and enhance environmental sustainability. Our flagship programs include:
- RDF Executive Management Essentials for RCBs (REMERB): Delivered with the National Banking College, this program closes critical knowledge gaps in corporate governance, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards, risk management, and capital management, solely for rural banks.
- Agro Woman 360 (AW360): Holistically empowers rural women smallholder farmers through financial literacy, alternative livelihoods, and climate resilience training.
- Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM): Promotes climate-smart agriculture by training farmers in input-use efficiency and sustainable soil health practices. 
 

__What would you say has been the impact of your work within the Ghanaian financial ecosystem? Feel free to share relevant examples that demonstrate the catalytic impact of our work.__

Our commitment to serving smallholder farmers has played a transformative role in strengthening rural finance and deepening Ghana’s financial ecosystem. Leveraging partnerships with PFIs and agricultural facilitators, we have deployed approximately $11 million in loans and technical assistance. These reached 30,000+ beneficiaries, including 60% women and 79% smallholder farmers. Our intervention has incentivized agriculture lending, built stronger institutions, created jobs, and scalable market opportunities: 
 
__Unlocking Capital__: Our 50% portfolio guarantee to PFIs like ABSA Bank Ghana, Kwahu Praso Rural Bank, and Agave Rural Bank have directly mitigated their risk, enabling them to collectively increase their agricultural loan portfolio. For every $1 that RDF has deployed in guarantees, we have mobilized $2.50 in private capital from our PFIs. For example, Kwahu Praso Rural Bank has increased its agriculture loan portfolio by over 50% since partnering in 2024. 
 
__Strong Institutions__: PFIs that completed our ‘REMERB’ governance training have strengthened their risk management frameworks and are better equipped to serve rural clients. 
 
__Job Creation__: While we directly reached 30,000+ beneficiaries, our interventions have supported an estimated 113,526 jobs, significantly demonstrating a catalytic effect on rural employment and livelihoods. 
 
__Scalable Models__: A strategic partnership with USAID served as a critical proof-of-concept for our transformative integrated outgrower model. What began as a pilot project with VSLAs has evolved into a scalable Outgrower Loan Scheme providing market linkages, weather insurance, and tailored financing to the smallholder farmers.

Additional positive tangible outcomes from our 2020–2024 strategic period include the following:
- 81.2% of MSMEs including agribusinesses reported higher incomes, driven by yield improvements ranging from 26% to 50%.
- Among farmers, nearly 60% achieved yield gains exceeding 50%, contributing to a 57% increase in average weekly produce sales. 
 

__Does RDF Ghana apply a gender lens when it comes to its blended finance activities? If yes, could you shed some light on how this is accomplished (metrics tracked and indicators)?__

Gender inclusion is core to our operations and is systematically integrated into the design and delivery of all our interventions. This commitment is reflected in our reach, as women account for over 60% of all RDF interventions, including 76% of TA recipients and 53% of loan beneficiaries. Building on this foundation, our flagship initiative Agro Woman 360 empowers women smallholder farmers through group structures and VSLAs. By strengthening financial literacy, business acumen, and climate resilience, the program has enabled over 50% of participating women to gain greater influence and respect within their families and communities. These efforts reinforce our mission to promote inclusive growth, reduce poverty, and build resilient livelihoods across our target communities.

__Tailored Financial Solutions__: Recognizing that one size does not fit all, we design context-specific solutions. In Northern Ghana, for example, where women dominate the shea, soya, and groundnut value chains, we introduced tailored credit facilities for Village Savings and Loans Associations (VSLAs). This directly expands finance access and strategically strengthens women's pivotal role in these critical agricultural value chains.

__Rigorous Measurement and Global Alignment__: Our approach is guided by clear metrics and global standards, including alignment with SDG 5 (Gender Equality) and the 2X Challenge Criteria. We track key performance indicators such as share of women beneficiaries across products and services, land ownership and control, and economic empowerment and decision-making power. These interventions not only promote inclusion but also serve as a powerful catalyst that enhances productivity, builds community-wide resilience, and drives systemic change within rural economies.

__As an impact-driven institution in the agriculture and renewable energy space in Ghana, what gaps/opportunities do you see in the Ghanaian financial ecosystem that blended finance can help unlock?__

Despite the progress made, agriculture and renewable energy remain underfinanced in Ghana, with high perceived risks. RDF has demonstrated that by strategically integrating capital and TA, we can prove the commercial viability of these underserved markets. We see four priority areas where blended finance can unlock transformative opportunities: 
 
__Expand Access to Finance__: A critical void exists for smallholder farmers lacking access to financing due to their small size, lack of track record, or collateral. An opportunity exists for blended finance to provide first-loss capital to de-risk the investments for impact investors. This would unlock capital to scale and create formal market linkages for many smallholder farmers. Expanding credit guarantee schemes will also encourage greater lending to these underserved sectors. 
 
__Renewable Energy Transitions__: A significant gap remains in financing renewable energy for productive use in agriculture (e.g., solar solutions for irrigation, milling, drying, storage). Grants or concessional capital can cover the high upfront costs and provide TA to de-risk the technology for both provider and end-user, which could ultimately unlock commercial debt and equity. 
 
__Climate Adaptation Tools__: There is an increasing demand for agricultural insurance, solar-powered irrigation, and climate-smart inputs. Blended finance can accelerate adaptation by providing lower-cost, longer-term capital and grants. 
 
__Data and Digital Infrastructure__: Targeted blended finance solutions can address structural weaknesses in agricultural financing, particularly the lack of reliable data, which leads to high-risk premiums. Using catalytic grants to support the development of integrated agricultural platforms could attract commercial lenders into the space.

__What does the future look like for RDF Ghana? How will your strategy and interventions evolve going forward? What role do you see yourself playing to help increase financing flows to the agriculture sector, which comparatively remains underserved?__ 
 
Transformative changes in rural economies require strong strategic collaboration. Going forward, we are looking to foster partnerships with like-minded investors, development partners, and private sector actors. Through these partnerships, we would amplify our collective impact, crowd in significant private investment, and drive the systemic changes needed to empower rural communities. Our collaborative efforts will concentrate on three strategic pillars:
 
__Build Resilient and Integrated Value Chains__: By integrating financing with targeted TA, we will strategically partner with agriculture actors, input suppliers, and off-takers to create viable models that de-risk the entire chain, ensuring access to quality inputs, training, and guaranteed markets. 
 
__Unlock Institutional Capital__: We will position ourselves as a trusted intermediary that can bundle smaller, risky agricultural loans into larger, more structured investment opportunities for institutional investors who seek impact and return, but lack the capacity to deal with fragmented, small-ticket transactions. 
 
__Champion Climate-Smart and Inclusive Finance__: We are committed to embedding climate resilience and gender inclusion at the heart of rural finance. We are looking to achieve this by:
- Scaling Proven Practices – Expanding our Integrated Soil and Fertility Management (ISFM) program to promote sustainable land use.
- Minimizing Climate Shocks – Broadening access to affordable agricultural insurance for smallholders.
- Advancing Gender Inclusion – Intensifying our targeted interventions to increase the economic participation of women and youth.
- Solar-Powered Agriculture – Focusing on solar-powered solutions for irrigation and other productive agriculture uses.

RDF Ghana Member Spotlight with Yaw Oppong

Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF) is a mission-driven investment fund that provides debt and equity financing, alongside strategic business advice, to independent media and information ventures. For 30 years MDIF has invested in independent media around the world providing diverse news and facilitating the exchange of information and views needed to build free, thriving societies.

We spoke with Patrice Schneider, Chief Strategy Officer about how MDIF engages in blended finance, how they measure impact, gaps and opportunities in the blended finance market, and more.

__What does MDIF do and how does it engage in blended finance?__ 

In our blended finance approach, philanthropic capital plays a catalytic role. Grant funding, guarantees, and concessional capital allow us to crowd in private investors. Crucially, we use blended finance not just to manage risk, but to enable investments where market-rate returns are less feasible, but the societal value is high. We advocate for a third way of media financing that fills the space between grants and commercial capital and recognizes the public value of independent information often overlooked by the market.

As leading economists, including Nobel laureates Joseph Stiglitz and Daron Acemoğlu, have [written](https://informationdemocracy.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/The-Economic-Imperative-of-Investing-in-Public-Interest-Media.pdf): “Access to reliable information is the fundamental resource that fuels our 21st century economy (…), no less than previous eras relied on the power of steam or coal for industrial development.” However, despite its essential role, the independent media sector remains systemically overlooked in impact investing. While conventional media investment often prioritizes profit at the expense of public interest, eroding standards and weakening the sector’s mission, our work helps ensure this critical infrastructure receives the long-term investment it needs to serve the public good.

__MDIF is celebrating its 30th anniversary this year – and blended finance has been part of your strategy since the very beginning. What achievements are you proud of?__ 

With 30 years of experience, MDIF has been investing in independent media and information ventures long before terms like “impact investing” or “blended finance” entered the mainstream. From the outset, we’ve combined grants, concessional funding, and commercial capital to support public-interest media with financing aligned to their mission.

Our achievements are best reflected in the long-term impact of our clients. Since 1996, we’ve [invested](https://www.mdif.org/impact/track-record/) $270.9 million in debt and equity across 157 media and information companies in 50 countries. Many have grown from startups into trusted national institutions, withstanding political pressure, navigating economic shocks, and seizing opportunities to expand their reach and impact.

They inform millions, hold power to account, support democratic participation, and help drive progress in their communities. That enduring contribution to more informed, resilient societies is the legacy we are most proud of.

__Can you describe one or two blended finance transactions that MDIF has been involved in?__ 

One example is Plūrālis, a media investment vehicle that provides mission-driven, blended capital and strategic media growth expertise to independent media in Central and Eastern Europe to support media plurality. Managed and co-funded by MDIF, it brings together a coalition of prestigious European media companies, foundations, and impact investors. Its blended structure combines concessional and grant capital from philanthropy, industry expertise from leading media organizations, institutional capital interested in impact, and contributions from private wealth seeking both financial and societal returns. To expand access to capital, MDIF partnered with leading German ethical bank GLS to issue Europe’s first impact bond for media plurality.

Another example is MDIF Media Finance (MMF), a blended-value loan fund providing affordable loans to independent media in OECD-DAC countries, launched with the backing of Sida, the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. Through a 55% first-loss guarantee, Sida enabled MDIF to raise capital from private investors, reducing their risk exposure while allowing MDIF to expand financing for independent media in challenging environments.

These transactions illustrate how blended finance can align public and private capital behind a common goal: ensuring that independent media have the resources to serve the public interest, even when the market alone falls short.

__How do you measure the impact of your blended finance activities?__ 

Blended finance runs through MDIF as an organization, as well as specific funds, so the impact of MDIF as a whole is a reflection of the impact of our blended finance activities. Our investments strengthen builders of informed societies so that they can fulfil their vital role—sharing information that drives change, from new laws to better lives. [Research](https://www.mdif.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/MDIF-The-role-of-media-Driving-change-towards-the-SDGs.pdf) shows that free, viable, and diverse media are essential for democracy and human progress. Their work supports peace, justice, and strong institutions under Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16.10, while advancing progress across all SDGs.

We [track](https://www.mdif.org/impact/our-impact/) impact on two levels. First, we assess how our financing and strategic support help strengthen our clients—looking at metrics such as revenue growth, reach, or operational resilience. Second, we examine how our clients contribute to society—whether they are informing public debate, exposing corruption, enabling civic participation, or holding power to account. These findings are published [annually in our impact reports](https://www.mdif.org/impact/annual-reports/), combining data with case studies that show what independent media can achieve when they have the capital to support their mission.

__What gaps or opportunities do you see in the blended finance market?__ 

While there is growing recognition of blended finance, impact-first funding continues to fall short, especially for sectors like independent media that are essential to democratic resilience but difficult to serve through purely commercial models.

A key gap is the lack of flexible catalytic capital. Much of the current market is designed to reduce risk for private investors, rather than to enable impact-first investments. This limits the ability to reach sectors that deliver high public value but can’t promise market-rate returns. In MDIF’s case, blended finance is not simply about risk adjustment. It’s about making transactions possible where they otherwise would not be, due to structural market failure.

We believe what’s needed is not just more blended finance, but the growth of an *[ethical financial sector](https://medium.com/@patrice.schneider/funding-democracy-the-ethical-financial-sector-and-independent-media-06554c691910)*: a space for investors, donors, and financial institutions willing to prioritize public-interest outcomes over purely financial performance.

__How do you see MDIF’s blended finance activities evolving in the future?__ 

As information becomes increasingly central to how societies and economies function, the need for long-term, mission-aligned financing for independent media will only grow. Yet market failures persist. MDIF will continue to evolve our blended finance activities to meet this growing structural challenge.

We see a future where blended finance is not just a mechanism to de-risk investment, but a core strategy for enabling access to reliable information, especially in contexts where commercial capital alone cannot deliver. For MDIF, this means continuing to mobilize flexible, catalytic capital and structuring it in ways that reflect the unique realities of media businesses: long time horizons, non-linear growth, and a public service mission that often resists easy monetization. We will also continue to expand the role of the ethical financial sector, building partnerships with donors, development finance institutions, and values-driven investors who understand that supporting independent media is not just a democratic imperative, but an economic necessity.

Learn how Media Development Investment Fund engages in blended finance, how they measure impact, gaps and opportunities in the blended finance market, and more.

MDIF Member Spotlight with Patrice Schneider

Media Development Investment Fund Member Spotlight with Patrice Schneider

Standard Chartered is a global bank connecting corporate, institutional, and affluent clients to a network that offers unique access to sustainable growth opportunities across Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

According to Convergence Market Data, Standard Chartered is one of the most active private investors in blended finance, working with multilateral development banks (MDBs), development finance institutions (DFIs), governments, and philanthropy on tailor-made blended finance solutions.

We spoke to John Murton, Senior Sustainability Advisor at Standard Chartered about their Blended Finance Programmes Innovation Hub, gaps and opportunities they see in the field as a commercial investor, how they see their blended finance activities evolving in the future, and much more.

__How does Standard Chartered engage in blended finance?__

Historically we have approached blended finance on a project-by-project basis, which somewhat limits our opportunity to scale. This is why in 2024 we created the Blended Finance Programmes Team with the goal of establishing programmes that can strategically deploy blended finance solutions at both speed and scale.

This team sits within Standard Chartered’s Innovation Hub, which was launched in 2023 to focus on emerging sustainability themes that are nascent but ripe for growth. Today, we have five thematic areas of innovation: Programmatic Blended Finance, Carbon Market Development, Nature Finance, Circular Economy, and Adaptation and Resilience. The Hub is helping to test and scale solutions to help advance the ecosystem in these emerging thematic areas.

Our Blended Finance Programmes team within the Hub focuses on the delivery of both ‘Country Platforms’ and ‘sectoral partnerships’. On Country Platforms, Standard Chartered supports the Just Energy Transition Partnership processes across our markets, and we’re a signatory (as part of GFANZ) to the Indonesia and Vietnam JETP, pledging to at least match initial donor pledges sized at $10 billion and $7.75 billion respectively. In 2025 we [acted as lead arranger for the Saguling floating solar project in Indonesia](https://www.sc.com/en/press-release/press-release-2/); the first project to be financed under the JETP.

In addition to supporting these already established country platforms, we are working to support the creation and development of new country platforms that address the unique needs of our markets when it comes to financing the transition. We are the only private institution to sign up to the Bangladesh Climate and Development Platform focused on both mitigation and adaption. We are also mandated to advance Lesotho’s Just Energy Transition process – the first private-sector led country platform.

On partnerships, we are actively engaging with MDBs and DFIs with the aim of establishing strategic partnership frameworks that will catalyze capital and unlock financing for multiple projects. We expect to announce some exciting partnerships over the next year!

__Can you describe one or two blended finance transactions that Standard Chartered has been involved in? In what capacity did it participate?__

In September, colleagues in Standard Chartered’s Development and Agencies Finance team successfully structured [a first-of-a-kind EUR 433 million Sustainability-Linked Loan for the Ministry of Finance and Budget, Republic of Cote d’Ivoire](https://www.sc.com/uk/2025/09/02/standard-chartered-delivers-cote-divoires-first-sustainability-linked-loan-under-new-sustainability-linked-financing-framework/). The loan was supported by the World Bank Group, acting through the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA). Standard Chartered acted as sole lender and mandated lead arranger.

This landmark facility was the first ever transaction to combine both first-loss and second loss guarantees from IBRD and MIGA, marking a significant milestone for the World Bank Group’s new Guarantee Platform. IBRD’s first loss policy-based guarantee and MIGA’s second-loss non-honouring of sovereign financial obligations were combined to achieve a total comprehensive World Bank cover level of 95%.

Arranged under Côte d’Ivoire’s Sustainability-Linked Financing Framework launched in June 2025, the sustainability-linked loan was structured to include a margin ratchet, linking financial conditions to clear sustainability performance targets in renewable energy (excluding hydropower), deforestation prevention, and reforestation. The framework will support efforts to meet the country’s goal to reduce carbon emissions by over 30% by 2030 and is expected to help boost resilience to climate impacts relating to agriculture. Furthermore, the incentive structure enabled the government to access long-term, competitive, and essential financing to advance their national climate resilience agenda. The transaction effectively showcases how collaborative innovation can help mobilize capital efficiently and support credible models for sovereign sustainable finance that can be replicated.

Looking to Asia, in 2024 Standard Chartered was the lead arranger in the refinancing of an IBRD loan to the State Bank of India (SBI) to support India’s national Grid-Connected Rooftop Solar (GPRV) programme. Originally launched in 2016, the programme, through SBI on-lending, funds photovoltaic installations to commercial and industrial consumers, that provide clean energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by displacing more expensive and carbon-intensive thermal generation.

The refinancing transaction included a 95% comprehensive guarantee from MIGA to protect against the risk of non-honouring of financial obligations by a state-owned enterprise for up to 10 years. By guaranteeing the refinancing, this project showcases an ‘originate to refinance’ model, an approach recommended by the Private Sector Investment Lab, launched by the World Bank Group in June 2023 to identify barriers and find potential solutions to unlock private investment in developing countries. Furthermore, by transferring portfolio risk from the World Bank balance sheet, following the initial de-risking of a nascent sector, to commercial lenders it frees up World Bank capacity to lend into new sectors and projects. The [financing](https://www.miga.org/press-release/miga-supports-innovative-solar-rooftop-systems-india) successfully helped SBI to reduce its borrowing costs and diversify its sources of borrowing.

__How do you measure the impact of your blended finance activities? What does that impact look like?__

We’ve been publishing our [Sustainable Finance Impact Report](https://www.sc.com/en/uploads/sites/66/content/docs/sustainable-finance-impact-report.pdf) since 2020 to highlight the tangible impact of this work, and key outcomes across our markets. This report quantifies the environmental and social outcomes of our sustainable finance activities, ranging from renewable energy capacity installed to social infrastructure supported.  Importantly, the report is subject to external assurance and aligned to ICMA’s Harmonised Framework for Impact Reporting.  In 2024 we were proud to report a Sustainable Finance asset portfolio of $23.3 billion across 439 projects in 51 markets. This was a 32% year-on-year increase from $17.6 billion in 2023.

Blended finance transactions are currently not covered in our sustainable finance impact report in their own right. Such transactions are inherently complex - and often bespoke - structuring solutions that can be difficult to capture systematically. However, there is significant overlap between our sustainable finance work and our blended finance work across the bank as both aim to advance high-impact projects that deliver meaningful sustainable development outcomes.  In many cases, projects supported through blended finance solutions will already be reflected within our sustainable finance impact reporting, including key metrics such as jobs created, emissions avoided, renewable energy capacity etc.

Looking ahead, our intention is to evolve our approach by potentially consolidating impact measurement for transactions across our innovation hub, featuring our blended finance programmes, debt-for-nature swaps, and outcome-based bonds for example. This would enable the Hub to set targets that can be more clearly measured, tracked, and reported. For the Blended Finance Programmes team this may include, in addition to those metrics above, the blended finance effectiveness of the transaction, such as dollars of private sector money mobilized per concessional dollar. We would expect to apply the same principles we use today: portfolio-level reporting and project-level reporting, attribution of impacts based on our financing share, and a commitment to transparency and credibility. That means being clear about whether impacts are realized or estimated, avoiding double-counting, and disclosing the methodologies used where estimates are applied.

__As a commercial investor in the blended finance space, what gaps/opportunities do you see in the blended finance market? What unique challenges do you face while engaging with public and/or philanthropic investors?__

We still see instances where private sector lending is being crowded out, and not efficiently mobilized, even in sectors and regions which are commercially viable. Blended finance must evolve so that each dollar of concessional funding mobilizes more private sector capital. The IIF’s ‘Lifting Prudential Barriers to Mobilizing Private Capital for Development Finance’ Policy Paper highlighted that every dollar every dollar committed by MDBs has only mobilized 50 cents of private capital in recent years. This must grow very significantly.  To achieve this, we need to make better use of effective de-risking tools such as first loss guarantees and price support mechanisms.  And we need to structure de-risking mechanisms so that lenders become comfortable with certain risks and concessional funding over time becomes less necessary.

At the same time, we are currently seeing an increase of blended finance solutions and models that have worked. Reports such as the Sustainable Markets Initiative and Investor Leadership Network’s ‘Blended Finance Best Practice’ and Convergence’s [Scale Private Investment Mobilization Project](https://www.convergence.finance/standardization) have been standout example of collating such efforts. There is a real opportunity to now take such solutions and replicate and scale into new themes and markets.

To maximize these efforts, we must engage new types of investors such as philanthropies, sovereign wealth funds and local capital markets, that can play critical roles across the life cycle of blended finance solutions. For example, philanthropies are able to contribute in the short term with much needed grants and technical assistance to get projects off the ground and create a viable and investable model. Sovereign wealth funds can invest in projects with long-term patient capital which provides stability and security for investors. Local Capital Markets can then offer exit strategies and help projects to refinance at better rates, freeing up capital to be recycled into new projects. The size of these untapped pools of capital is staggering and will be key to ensuring the future resilience of blended finance solutions in light of recent geo-political shifts and to widening the pools of supply.  According to Africa Finance Corporation’s recent ‘State of Africa’s Infrastructure Report 2025’ there are over $4 trillion in domestic resources on the African continent which are not currently being leveraged.

__How do you see Standard Chartered blended finance activities evolving in the future?__

Standard Chartered is committed to effectively deploying blended finance solutions to themes and geographies where it is most needed to help make projects bankable and crowd in private sector investment. We want to continue to be at or near the top of Convergence’s league tables, evidencing efforts to use blended finance to support our sustainable finance goals, and long-term value creation for our markets. As our CEO has said, *sustainable finance isn’t just business that’s good, it’s good business*.

One opportunity we are currently very excited about is our mandate with ‘His Majesty King Letsie III Just Energy Transition Limited’ an SPV looking to form a first-of-a-kind private sector led country platform in Lesotho. The initiative, endorsed by His Majesty and the government, is designed to mobilize different pools of capital to finance a portfolio of both generation and transmission projects to support the delivery of Lesotho’s NDC and Mission300 Compact. The opportunity represents a unique case study for a land-locked least developed country to leapfrog from an energy importer to an exporter of clean power, supporting domestic and regional energy stability and security.

Similarly, we see great potential for the Innovation hub to continue to incubate new and exciting blended finance solutions to support emerging themes within the sustainability ecosystem such as adaptation financing and [circular economy](https://www.sc.com/en/press-release/standard-chartered-appoints-andrew-morlet-as-senior-advisor-circular-economy/) projects. Watch this space!

Learn about Standard Chartered's Blended Finance Programmes Innovation Hub, gaps and opportunities they see in the field as a commercial investor, how they see their blended finance activities evolving in the future, and much more.

Standard Chartered Member Spotlight with John Murton

Bolivian Investment Management Ltd (BIM) is an impact investments manager with over 25 years of experience creating and managing 14 investment companies and specialized funds seeking a positive impact beyond financial return.

We spoke to Daniel Maldonado, Investor Relations Officer at BIM about how they engage in blended finance, how they measure impact, their priority sectors, and more.

__Can you tell us about BIM and how you engage in blended finance?__

BIM, established in 1997, is one of six companies within the Panamerican Group, a financial group established in 1994 in Bolivia. BIM was founded as an asset manager with a focus on investments that create impact beyond financial returns. In its early years, BIM managed multi-sectoral funds. However, in 2007, with the launch of Locfund—a regional local currency microfinance investment vehicle focused on Latin America and the Caribbean—BIM shifted its focus exclusively to the microfinance sector.

Although the term blended finance was not widely used in 2007, when the first version of the vehicle—Locfund L.P.—was launched, the fund’s structure already reflected many of its core principles. It was able to attract two private investors, drawn by the potential impact outcomes of Locfund. However, this interest was made possible only because those investors had previously worked alongside public capital providers.

The track record built through this initial experience allowed the management team to maintain relationships with prior investors. Still, in the successor vehicle, the only private investor represented just 4.8% of the total capital raised. Despite the positive financial and impact results of Locfund I, raising additional private funding for Locfund II proved to be a challenge.

By 2020, with more than 12 years of successful operations, the new and current version—Locfund Next—was launched. This iteration managed to raise a larger pool of capital and succeeded in bringing in private foundations whose participation was both material and catalytic to the fund’s launch. However, these foundations had impact mandates embedded in their bylaws, and Locfund Next continued to face difficulties in attracting "pure" private investors—those motivated primarily by risk-adjusted financial returns—in the financial inclusion space in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).  

Today, the effort to attract private capital remains ongoing. Experience has shown that when targeting private investors willing to take development-related risks in less conventional markets, a strong track record and critical mass are essential. Only then can vehicles like Locfund Next align with the risk-return expectations of private capital.

__Can you tell us more about Locfund Next? What are some of the outcomes/expected outcomes?__

Although the fund is in its fifth year of operations, it is expected to deliver the projected financial returns by its 10th anniversary.

Locfund Next is structured as an evergreen-like fund, allowing shareholders to enter and exit at the end of defined equity stages. The initial equity stage spans 10 years, with each subsequent stage lasting five years.

Preliminary results from the first cohort of equity investors have been positive, sparking renewed interest from potential investors. As of June 2025, Locfund Next has built a robust capital structure with the participation of 16 investors, including six purely private investors. All 16 investors, though, have at the core of its mission, the requirement of development outcomes. 

During this period, the fund has disbursed over $380 million across 279 transactions, reaching a total of 61 microfinance institutions (MFIs) throughout the region. Locfund Next has consolidated its position as a regional leader, becoming the Microfinance Investment Vehicle (MIV) with the widest MFI outreach at the same time, operating concurrently in 15 countries.

Furthermore, in alignment with its core development and impact mandate, Locfund Next was able to raise technical assistance resources from the same investors, in order for this fund to be deployed to the microfinance institutions to strengthen areas such as gender equality, asset and liability management, and corporate governance, among others. To date, Locfund Next has completed 147 Technical Assistance initiatives across the region through its Technical Support Facility – TSF, reducing the risk of the underlying portfolio of the fund.

This momentum is expected to attract greater participation from private investors during the second equity stage, anticipated around 2029–2030. 

__Can you tell us more about the challenges you’ve faced with attracting institutional investors to Locfund Next?__

The first challenge relates to scale. Both the size of the fund and the individual investment tickets must align with the mandates of institutional investors. Since the launch of Locfund I in 2007, and through the consistent growth of Locfund II and now Locfund Next, this challenge has been progressively addressed, resulting in a vehicle with sufficient critical mass to appeal to institutional capital.

The second challenge lies in the limited familiarity most institutional investors have with the microfinance sector. This often necessitates the inclusion of additional risk mitigation mechanisms to make the investment case viable. To address this, BIM has explored several alternatives, including the use of partial guarantees from development finance institutions (DFIs). These guarantees could, in turn, be supported by technical assistance funding from other DFIs—effectively creating a dual-layered blended finance structure to enhance investor confidence and facilitate further growth of Locfund Next’s operations. 

__How do you measure the impact of your blended finance investments?__

Given the nature of microfinance, Locfund Next’s portfolio inherently generates impact across multiple indicators. The fund focuses on attending to underserved populations through the microfinance institutions it supports, reaching over 40% of end clients located in rural areas across the region and targeting more than 50% of women among its final beneficiaries.

Locfund Next also aims to support the most vulnerable segments of the population. One key indicator of this is the average loan size to end clients, which currently stands at $1,400, reflecting the fund’s reach to low-income borrowers.

__What role do you see blended finance playing in the microfinance industry in LAC?__

The microfinance industry in LAC remains a relatively small segment within the broader financial systems of each country. The total outstanding microfinance portfolio in the region is estimated at approximately $52 billion, but there are around 132 million people without access to formal financial services. The industry has maintained a steady annual growth rate of around 10%, driven primarily by unmet demand. To sustain this level of growth, the sector requires approximately $5 billion in fresh capital each year.

Unfortunately, public investors alone are not able to meet this financing need, underscoring the critical role of blended finance as a catalytic solution.

The encouraging news is that, where managed effectively and with a clear focus on financial inclusion, the microfinance sector has consistently delivered positive and stable performance. In many cases, financial indicators within the industry are not only healthy but also outperform those of the traditional financial system. These results provide a compelling case for further blended finance transactions, where private investors can engage under conditions that align with their risk-return expectations, while also contributing to inclusive development in the region. 

__Do you apply a gender lens in your blended finance activities?__

Yes. While microfinance is inherently aligned with gender lens investing, BIM has made a deliberate effort to further emphasize this focus. As a result, Locfund Next was granted the status of a 2X Challenge Flagship Fund, and BIM recently became a signatory of the UN Women’s Empowerment Principles.

In practice, all microfinance institutions (MFIs) that Locfund Next has worked with are able to identify the proportion of women among their end-clients and the composition of their portfolio by gender. This gender-disaggregated data is monitored by Locfund Next on a monthly basis to ensure a clear understanding of the fund’s outreach to this key segment. On average, more than 60% of the end-clients served through the portfolio are women.

__How do you see BIM’s blended finance activities evolving in the future?__

We believe that our strong 15+ year track record has helped build a compelling case for attracting greater private sector participation. This has been achieved not only through the positive financial and impact outcomes of Locfund, but also by demonstrating the resilience and long-term sustainability of the microfinance industry. Looking ahead, we are confident that within the next five years, we can significantly expand private investor involvement, targeting a share of at least 50% among Locfund Next’s key stakeholders.

__What are some opportunities you see for blended finance in Latin America? What are some challenges?__

Large players, including global investment banks, have begun exploring investment opportunities more actively in so-called “exotic” markets. Latin America, in particular, has demonstrated its ability to deliver attractive returns with balanced and manageable risk profiles. Public records indicate that blended finance structures in the region have averaged issuance sizes of approximately $150 million, underscoring the growing appetite and scalability of such instruments. 

Sectors such as financial inclusion, renewable energy, and circular economies stand out as key industries capable of absorbing substantial amounts of capital while offering compelling returns. The success of previous blended finance structures led by these institutions paves the way for future opportunities to mobilize private capital into the region.

However, Latin America is also characterized by a history of political volatility and recurring episodes of instability. These challenges can deter more conservative investors, especially when assessing opportunities that seek to combine financial returns with broader development outcomes.


Learn how BIM engages in blended finance, how they measure impact, their priority sectors, and more.

BIM Member Spotlight with Daniel Maldonado

The Blended Finance Company (TBFC) is a full-stack service provider for blended finance transactions enabling commercial investors to deploy significant capital while generating sustainable returns, and concessional funders to maximise their catalytic leverage.

We spoke to Nirav Khambhati, Partner at the Blended Finance Company about how they engage in blended finance, gaps and opportunities for blended finance in Asia, advice for those wanting to engage in blended finance, and more.

__1. Can you tell us about the TBFC’s mission and how it engages in blended finance?__ 
TBFC exists to reduce the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) funding gap by changing how capital is mobilized and utilized in the development sector. Our mission rests on a two-fold approach.
First, we focus on increasing the volume of commercial capital flowing into development efforts. We do this by deploying government and philanthropic capital catalytically, creating structures that improve the risk-return profile for private investors in otherwise underserved sectors and markets.

Second, we enhance the effectiveness of government and philanthropic capital by shifting the emphasis from inputs to outcomes. We help public and philanthropic funders design more strategic, results-focused interventions that drive systemic change.

Finally, TBFC serves as an end-to-end mobilizer—providing everything from transaction feasibility assessment and structuring to fundraising, execution, and lifecycle management. A critical part of our value lies in convening the right stakeholders, whose aligned participation is essential for blended finance transactions to materialize. We serve four core stakeholder groups, including governments, donors and philanthropic institutions, investors, and enterprises (for-profit and non-profit).

__2. What type of blended finance transactions or structures has your team been involved in recently? Any transactions you’re particularly proud of?__ 
In less than two years , our team has already enabled blended finance transactions across a wide range of sectors including livelihoods, climate, agriculture, health, and education. We’ve designed diverse instruments tailored to specific challenges, including guarantees, subordinated debt, technical assistance, impact-linked incentives, outcome-based funding, pooled philanthropic facilities, and investment platforms, among others.

Some of our most meaningful transactions have tackled long-standing financing barriers for underserved segments, such as unlocking credit for students from low-income families and supporting women entrepreneurs through de-risked lending models. In each case, we have used blended structures to shift incentives, reduce risk, and increase confidence in these segments as viable investment opportunities. 

One example is Aspirational Pathways for Youth Readiness and Employment (ASPYRE) a first-of-its-kind Skill Loan Facility that provides youth from low-income households with access to affordable credit to pursue market-relevant skill development programs. TBFC played an end-to-end role in designing and enabling this initiative. We began by deeply understanding the barriers to credit access for skilling, then structured a financial product that aligns the incentives of students, training providers, financial intermediaries, and philanthropic funders. We shortlisted mission-aligned partners, mobilized philanthropic capital for credit enhancement, and created a templatized approach that allows for efficient onboarding of new stakeholders. ASPYRE is now live and already benefitting underserved youth, with additional training providers, lenders, and philanthropic contributors continuously joining the platform.

We also find ourselves increasingly involved in outcome-focused initiatives such as those aimed at creating aspirational livelihoods for youth or scaling regenerative agriculture practices. These efforts often rely on instruments like outcome-based funding or impact-linked incentives that help improve accountability and align funding with results.

Another area of pride is expanding the blended finance ecosystem by bringing in new participants, especially local actors, such as a regional bank, a philanthropic trust, or a grassroots enterprise.

__3. Based on the Blended Finance Company’s involvement in blended finance, what gaps or opportunities do you see in the overall blended finance market in Asia?__ 
__First, there is limited understanding of blended finance among key local stakeholders, particularly subnational governments and local philanthropic actors.__ Wealthy individuals and family foundations in the region tend to operate at either end of the spectrum: they provide traditional grants or make impact investments expecting market-rate returns. The middle ground, where capital can be structured to optimize the trade-off between impact and financial returns, is often misunderstood or overlooked. There is a significant opportunity to engage this segment through targeted education, demonstration projects, and collaborative structuring that show how blended finance can amplify the effectiveness of their capital.

__Second, Asia needs more entities that can hold blended finance transactions end-to-end.__ Blended transactions involve diverse stakeholders, without a trusted intermediary who can align incentives, bridge communication gaps, and manage the transaction lifecycle, deals often stall or become too expensive and complex to execute. This is a role TBFC was purpose-built to play.

__Third, there is a shortage of clear, replicable, and efficient transaction models that donors and investors can easily plug into.__ Many transactions in Asia are still bespoke, overly complex, or tied to a single sector or geography. This raises costs and limits replicability. There is a significant opportunity to standardize structures, making them easier for capital providers to understand and engage with.

__Fourth, there is a need for a continuously curated pipeline of investible opportunities that are suitable for blended finance.__ A major bottleneck in sustaining stakeholder interest is the sporadic or opportunistic nature of deal flow. Governments, investors, and philanthropies are more likely to participate if they see a steady, credible pipeline of high-quality, impact-aligned, financially viable projects. Building this pipeline requires intentional effort, ecosystem engagement, and patient capital to support project preparation and design.

__4. What advice would you give to other organizations looking to enter or scale their efforts in blended finance?__ 
- __Always start with the problem__—not the capital. We often see organizations raise capital first, then search for problems to solve. The right starting point is a clearly defined problem that genuinely warrants the blending of different forms of capital—typically where risk-adjusted returns alone cannot attract sufficient private investment, but catalytic capital can make the economics work. 

- __Recognize that blended finance is still maturing as a market—it will become simpler and faster over time, but it’s not there yet.__ Blended finance transactions are complex, involving multiple stakeholders with different mandates, timelines, and constraints. Organizations that expect quick wins or look for silver bullets often end up disillusioned. 
- __Have a deep understanding of each partner’s motivations and constraints.__ One of the most overlooked aspects of blended finance is empathy—being able to see a transaction through each stakeholder’s lens, and structuring deals accordingly. The best blended finance practitioners are not just dealmakers—they are relationship stewards.
- __Commit to building the market—not just individual deals.__ There is a growing need for more actors who invest in knowledge sharing, ecosystem advocacy, and coalition building. Each transaction should not just solve a specific problem—it should also advance the field. 

__5. How do you incorporate gender considerations into your blended finance transactions?__ 
At TBFC, gender equality is deeply embedded in how we define problems, design solutions, and structure transactions. Over half of our transactions are explicitly targeted at advancing outcomes for women; in others, gender inclusion is a critical lens through which we assess broader development impact.

One initiative underway at TBFC brings affordable credit to women entrepreneurs, enabling them to build financial resilience in the face of increasing climate risks. The structure leverages catalytic capital to de-risk lending to women in sectors historically underserved by mainstream finance—combining access to capital with the capacity to withstand environmental shocks.

Even in transactions where gender is not the exclusive focus, it is a core design principle. For example, in an impact bond aimed at creating employment opportunities, we embedded specific targets and incentives to ensure high participation of women, especially in non-traditional sectors. 

Ultimately, we see gender inclusion not just as a moral imperative, but as smart development practice. When women are economically empowered, the benefits multiply across households, communities, and generations. Blended finance, with its ability to align capital with intentional design, offers a powerful mechanism to accelerate this transformation.

__6. Looking ahead, what’s next for the Blended Finance Company in 2025 and beyond?__ 
 Our foremost priority is ensuring the blended finance transactions we are currently stewarding deliver on their promise.

We believe that blended finance can unlock far greater capital flows. This fuels our ambition to take on larger and more complex transactions, including in outcome-based financing, where we believe there is significant room for scale and innovation.

Looking ahead, we intend to explore new frontiers where blended finance can be catalytic, such as __voluntary carbon markets__, __municipal finance__, and __social bonds__. 

This year we will also be expanding our work beyond India to other emerging markets. These regions face similar development challenges and share a need for localized, trusted intermediaries who can bridge the gap between capital and impact. 

Finally, we will continue to nurture the broader blended finance ecosystem. In 2024, we seeded the __Blended Finance Exchange (BFX)__ in India, a semi-formal gathering space for practitioners, funders, and policymakers to learn from one another and shape the field collectively.

__7. What emerging trends do you think we will see in blended finance in the future?__ 
One key trend we foresee is __the institutionalization of blended finance within public systems__. Governments, especially in the Global South, are starting to see blended finance not as a one-off innovation, but as a structural tool for financing development. As this mindset takes hold, we expect more formal policies, dedicated funding windows, and internal capabilities to emerge, enabling wider and more consistent adoption.

We also expect a __bifurcation in the market__, with transaction sizes increasing significantly at the upper end, while experimentation continues to grow at the frontier. Large-scale programs, particularly in areas like climate resilience, sustainable infrastructure, and health systems, will increasingly use blended structures to unlock private capital. Simultaneously, we will see newer, nimbler structures being tested to address complex and underexplored issues. Both trends are important: scale brings visibility and momentum, while experimentation fuels innovation and adaptability.

Another important shift we expect to see is __the evolution of grant-making institutions__. As the field matures, we believe more foundations, Corporate Social Responsibility arms, and development donors will embrace this middle path and use their capital catalytically.

Finally, as blended finance becomes more accessible and predictable, it will __catalyze a new generation of social enterprises and impact initiatives__. Entrepreneurs and organizations that may have previously struggled to find sustainable business models will have access to better-structured, more affordable capital. This will unlock innovation, scale, and long-term resilience, especially in areas where commercial capital has historically shied away.

We believe blended finance is foundational to solving the complex, large-scale challenges that define our time. We’re excited to contribute to this future by helping shape the market, build trust among stakeholders, and demonstrate what’s possible when capital is blended with care, creativity, and purpose.

Learn how the Blended Finance Company engages in blended finance, gaps and opportunities for blended finance in Asia, advice for those wanting to engage in blended finance, and more.

The Blended Finance Company Member Spotlight

The Blended Finance Company Member Spotlight with Nirav Khambhati

The Development Bank of Rwanda (BRD) provides long-term financial services to support Rwanda's development. Since 1967, BRD has driven sustainable economic transformation and prosperity in Rwanda. Its mission is to finance projects that align with Rwanda’s 2050 vision, socio-economic goals, and global Sustainable Development Goals by offering affordable, long-term, and customized development finance.

We spoke to Fernand Kamanzi, Head of Strategy, Research, M&E, and Resource Mobilization at BRD about their work to help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Rwanda, how they engage in blended finance, how they measure impact, their gender strategy, and much more.

__Tell us about BRD’s mandate and how your strategy encourages capital mobilization to the SDGs.__ 
BRD plays a crucial role in the economic development of Rwanda, with a mandate focused on financing projects that contribute to sustainable development.

The Bank focuses on sectors that are underfunded by traditional financial institutions, such as social infrastructure, agriculture, affordable housing, renewable energy, education, digital economy, green finance, and export. To effectively link its strategy with capital mobilization toward achieving the SDGs, BRD has adopted several innovative approaches:

- __Sustainability-Linked Bonds (SLBs)__: Unlike traditional bonds where proceeds are earmarked for specific projects, SLBs incentivize borrowers by linking interest rates to their performance against predefined sustainability targets. This mechanism encourages BRD to enhance its environmental, social, and governance (ESG) compliance while simultaneously attracting investors interested in sustainable finance.

- __Focus on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)__: KPIs include, increasing the percentage of participating financial institutions (PFIs) demonstrating robust Environmental and Social Management System (ESMS) implementation to 75% in 2028 from 0% in July 2023, increasing the number of loans to women-led SMEs among total SME loans to 30% in 2028 from 15.4% in 2022, and increasing the cumulative number of affordable housing loans extended or refinanced by PFIs to 13,000 in 2028, from 544 in 2022. By setting measurable targets, BRD not only demonstrates its commitment to sustainable development but also provides transparency and accountability to investors.

- __Innovative Credit Enhancement Mechanism__: Collaboration with the World Bank through credit enhancement mechanisms allows BRD to reduce risks associated with bond issuance. By leveraging International Development Association (IDA) funds as collateral, BRD can lower borrowing costs and attract a broader range of investors. 

- __Contribution to Capital Market Development__: The successful issuance of SLBs not only benefits BRD but also contributes significantly to Rwanda's capital market development. We contributed towards deepening the capital markets by putting out a new asset class on the market and having a 100% retail allocation policy.

__BRD is among the innovative local development banks in Africa and over the past 12-18 months you’ve issued 2 sustainability-linked bonds (SLB) supported by the World Bank’s IDA private sector window. What was the motivation for structuring these issuances, and what gap were you aiming to fill in the market?__ 
One of the primary motivations for issuing SLBs is to align financial instruments with the SDGs. By structuring these bonds, BRD aims to attract investments that contribute directly to sustainable development in Rwanda, particularly in infrastructure and social projects.

The issuance of SLBs also provides BRD with an innovative financing mechanism that allows access to capital from investors who are increasingly prioritizing ESG criteria in their investment decisions. This trend reflects a broader shift in the global financial landscape where investors are looking for opportunities that not only yield financial returns but also generate positive social and environmental impacts.

The backing of the World Bank’s IDA private sector window adds credibility and reduces perceived risks associated with investing in emerging markets like Rwanda. This support enables BRD to offer more favorable terms on its bonds, making them attractive to a wider range of investors.

By issuing SLBs, BRD also aims to fill the gap between financing needed for sustainable projects and the available funding sources by mobilizing private sector investments into projects that may otherwise struggle to secure funding due to perceived risks or lack of investor interest.

__Tell us how the SLBs are blended and how this approach to risk mitigation translated into an increase in investor comfort and interest?__ 
The blending mechanism in these SLBs involves combining concessional finance from the IDA with market-based financing. This approach allows BRD to offer more favorable terms to investors, thereby enhancing the attractiveness of the bonds. The IDA provides guarantees/first-loss cover, which mitigates risks associated with lending to projects that may not have sufficient creditworthiness on their own. By reducing perceived risk, this mechanism encourages more investors to participate in financing sustainable projects.

__BRD has another ongoing SME-financing partnership with Rwanda Green Fund via Ireme Invest. What was the motivation for this partnership and what has been the outcome, so far?__ 
The partnership between BRD and the Rwanda Green Fund (RGF) through Ireme Invest is primarily motivated by the need to enhance access to finance for SMEs in Rwanda, particularly those engaged in environmentally sustainable practices. By collaborating with the RGF, which focuses on promoting green investments and sustainable development, we align financial support with environmentally sustainable goals. 

The Ireme Invest facility has two components: a __Credit Facility__ to provide financing for eligible projects, managed by BRD, and a __Project Preparation Facility (PPF)__ to support project preparation, managed by RGF. Furthermore, BRD provides subsidized loans from the credit facility and RGF provides grants and equity from the project preparation facility.

As of February 2025, several positive outcomes have emerged from this partnership. 

The funding provided through this partnership has enabled numerous SMEs to invest in projects that contribute positively to environmental sustainability including renewable energy projects, waste management solutions, and other initiatives aimed at reducing carbon footprints.

In addition to financial support, we have emphasized capacity building among SMEs. Training programs and workshops have been organized to educate business owners about sustainable practices, financial management, and how to effectively utilize funding for maximum impact.

The partnership has also contributed to overall economic growth in Rwanda by fostering innovation within the SME sector. As these businesses grow and thrive, they create jobs and stimulate local economies.

__How does BRD measure the impact of its blended finance investments?__ 
__Alignment with Strategic Objectives__ 
__KPIs__ 
To quantify the impact of its investments, BRD establishes specific KPIs that reflect both financial performance and social outcomes. These KPIs may include metrics related to job creation, access to finance for underserved populations (such as women-led businesses), and improvements in housing affordability. By tracking these indicators over time, BRD can assess the effectiveness of its blended finance initiatives.

__Third-Party Evaluations__ 
BRD often collaborates with independent evaluators to conduct assessments of its projects. These evaluations provide an objective analysis of project outcomes against predefined benchmarks. This process helps ensure transparency and accountability in measuring impact while also providing insights for future investment strategies.

__Reporting Frameworks__ 
The Bank adheres to established reporting frameworks such as those set by the International Capital Market Association (ICMA) for SLBs. This involves regular disclosures on how funds are utilized and the resulting impacts on targeted sectors. Such reporting not only enhances credibility but also allows stakeholders to understand the tangible benefits derived from BRD’s investments.

__Stakeholder Engagement__ 
Engaging with stakeholders—including beneficiaries, local communities, and investors—is crucial for understanding the broader impact of BRD’s investments. Feedback from these groups helps refine measurement approaches and ensures that projects remain responsive to community needs.

__Monitoring and Evaluation__ 
BRD has a department responsible for monitoring and evaluation (M&E) as well as dedicated M&E officers. The Bank also has an institutional balanced scorecard that measures its impact at an institutional level. Additionally, this year BRD has implemented an impact scoring model to accurately predict the impact of the Bank’s investments. 

__How does BRD apply a gender lens to its blended finance initiatives?__ 
The Bank collaborates with the European Investment Bank (EIB) to define strategic objectives and key performance indicators that mainstream gender equality considerations in its lending and advisory activities. This collaboration aims to enhance women’s economic empowerment in Rwanda by ensuring that financial products and services are designed with a gender-sensitive approach.

Through its partnership with EIB, BRD develops targeted advisory services specifically designed for women entrepreneurs in micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). These services aim to provide guidance on accessing finance as well as business development strategies that consider the unique challenges faced by women in the entrepreneurial landscape.

Next, the Bank works with local banks and microfinance institutions to design, establish, and promote gender-intelligent financial products and services through African Women Rising Initiative (AWRI). These products are tailored specifically to meet the needs of women entrepreneurs, thereby increasing their access to finance. The initiative focuses on creating an environment where women-led enterprises can thrive through better financial solutions.

BRD also implements capacity-building programs aimed at empowering women entrepreneurs. This includes providing mentoring services that help women navigate the challenges of starting and running businesses. By equipping women with the necessary skills and knowledge, BRD ensures that they can effectively utilize financial resources available to them.

BRD is committed to championing gender equality within its operational framework. The Bank actively implements policies that support women’s access to finance, ensuring that gender equity is a core component of its blended finance initiatives. BRD’s new strategy (2024-2028) aims to increase financed Women-led SMEs by 30% share of the Bank’s portfolio by the end of 2028.

__Based on your experience in blended finance to date, what gaps do you see in the market that need to be filled?__ 
One of the primary gaps in the blended finance market in Rwanda is the limited access to capital for SMEs. Despite their critical role in economic development and job creation, SMEs often struggle to secure financing due to perceived risks by traditional financial institutions. Blended finance can play a pivotal role here by combining concessional funding with commercial investments, thereby reducing risk and attracting more private sector investment into this segment.

There is also a lack of diverse financial instruments that are specifically designed to meet the unique needs of development projects in Rwanda. Current offerings may not adequately address the requirements of sectors such as agriculture, renewable energy, and infrastructure. Developing innovative blended finance products that align with local priorities could help bridge this gap, enabling more effective mobilization of resources towards the SDGs.

Another significant gap is the need for capacity building and technical assistance for both investors and project developers. Many potential beneficiaries of blended finance lack the necessary skills or knowledge to effectively design, implement, and manage projects that attract blended finance solutions. Providing training and support can enhance project viability and improve outcomes, making it easier for investors to engage with local initiatives.

The regulatory environment in Rwanda is supportive when it comes to blended finance, however, it can be improved. There is a need for clearer policies that support blended finance mechanisms, including tax incentives or guarantees that encourage private sector participation. Strengthening these frameworks would facilitate greater investment flows into priority sectors while ensuring alignment with national development strategies.

Lastly, there is a significant gap in data availability regarding the impact of blended finance investments. Investors require robust data to assess risks and returns accurately; however, many projects lack comprehensive monitoring and evaluation frameworks. Improving data collection methods will enhance transparency, allowing stakeholders to make informed decisions based on evidence of impact.

__How do you see BRD’s blended finance activities evolving in the future?__ 
As global awareness around ESG issues continues to rise, BRD is expected to deepen its commitment to sustainability. The Bank’s current strategy emphasizes mainstreaming ESG practices within financial institutions and increasing financing for women-led businesses and affordable housing. This focus will likely lead to more SLB issuances and other financial instruments that prioritize sustainability metrics. By aligning its financing activities with international standards such as those set by the CMA, BRD can enhance its credibility and attract more investors interested in sustainable finance.

BRD’s successful inaugural SLB issuance demonstrates the potential for domestic capital markets in Rwanda. The Bank is likely to continue leveraging these markets to raise funds while reducing reliance on international credit lines. As local investor interest grows, evidenced by the oversubscription of both SLBs, BRD may implement targeted campaigns to engage retail investors further. This could include educational initiatives about blended finance products, thereby fostering a more robust investment culture within Rwanda.

The partnership between BRD and the World Bank has been instrumental in enhancing the former’s capacity for blended finance initiatives. Future collaborations with international financial institutions will be crucial for accessing additional resources and expertise. Such partnerships can facilitate knowledge transfer regarding best practices in blended finance, enabling BRD to innovate further in structuring financial products that meet both local needs and global standards.

Given the evolving landscape of sustainable finance, BRD is likely to explore new financial instruments beyond SLBs that can attract diverse investor bases. These could include green bonds or social impact bonds tailored specifically for Rwandan priorities such as climate resilience or social equity projects. By diversifying its product offerings, BRD can appeal to a broader range of investors who are increasingly looking for impactful investment opportunities.

To effectively implement blended finance strategies, BRD must invest in capacity building within its team and among partner financial institutions. This includes training on structuring complex financial products, understanding risk management in blended finance contexts, and measuring impact against sustainability goals. Additionally, sharing knowledge with other regional development banks could foster collaboration and innovation across East Africa.

Learn about how BRD engages in blended finance,  how they measure impact, their gender strategy, and much more.

BRD member spotlight

Development Bank of Rwanda (BRD) Member Spotlight with Fernand Kamanzi 

Tri-Sector Associates (TSA) is an end-to-end impact firm that partners with government, private sector, and civil society organizations in Singapore and across Asia to tackle emerging societal challenges, with a focus on education/skill building, health, and climate. They do this by bringing these different sectors together through new collaboration models, including blended finance, and variations of pay for success (as a subset of blended finance), such as social impact bonds, social impact guarantees, and outcomes amplifiers. TSA utilizes a ‘for Asia, by Asia’ model to address the local nuances inherent in their work.

We spoke with Chris Glotfelter, Senior Project Leader at TSA about how they engage in blended finance, their priority sectors, challenges they have faced in the blended finance space, and more.

__How do you engage in blended finance? How has your approach evolved?__

TSA is committed to supporting the evolution of funding systems through cross-sector collaboration to ensure more (and more impactful) funding is allocated to projects that progress the Sustainable Development Goals across Asia. This requires innovative financing approaches and mechanisms, which is where blended finance comes into play. Our work focuses on three thematic areas: education/skill building, health, and climate/environment. 

As concessional capital is typically the more difficult part of the blended finance equation, especially as donor funding is being cut back, we come at it from this angle: working with foundations, family offices, and government to seed blended finance projects. This is typically the first time these organizations have waded into blended finance, so we allow them to dip a toe in by undertaking what we call a ‘sequential blended finance approach.’ Essentially, philanthropic capital goes in first to seed an opportunity and mature it to the point that it is commercial capital ready, often while structuring a mechanism to recycle the philanthropic capital into a later stage of growth or into a separate opportunity. This increases the leverage of each concessional dollar committed. Engaging with organizations in this way allows for a smoother transition into blended finance compared with the blended fund approach.

__Can you tell us about any specific blended finance projects/programs you’ve worked on?__

As a firm that began with a core focus on pay-for-success projects, later branching out to innovative and blended finance, we have quite a few examples. Two are outlined below, demonstrating how the funding models unlocked new benefits:

__A. Conservation International Recyclable Technical Assistance Facility (TAF)__ 
There is a significant pipeline of nature-based solutions (NbS) projects in the Asia Pacific region. However, many of these projects are not yet investment-ready because of knowledge gaps in the financial, operational, and technical aspects of these projects. This increases their perceived risk-level and does not fit the current preferences of NbS investors. Conservation International sought to accelerate the investment readiness of these projects and commissioned Tri-Sector to assess the landscape of potential blended finance options, taking into consideration the specific geography and nature of the issue. A technical assistance facility (TAF) was developed where capital allocated to projects would be recycled back into the TAF upon investment into the project. Through this structure, $12 million in philanthropic commitments were made, which sought to catalyze over $100 million in commercial capital for NbS projects. Due to the recyclable nature of the TAF, donors saw that their capital was highly catalytic, paying repeat dividends. Since then, 14 projects in seven countries across the region have received support from the TAF, with some being able to provide repayments back to the TAF.

__B. [Skills for Success](https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7247123147248816128/) Outcomes Amplifier Model__ 
Skills for Success is a pay-for-success project tackling the problem of Singaporean youth not in employment, education, or training (NEETs), by providing free-of-charge access to a skill building program with a monthly stipend to offset living cost considerations. Based on the [Outcomes Amplifier model](https://ssir.org/articles/entry/keeping_the_social_impact_going_when_a_pilot_project_ends), which was pioneered by Tri-Sector, additional funding is allocated to the program based on verified outcomes, which is then used as a pay-it-forward model to fund the next round of learners. 

In this model, Temasek Holdings (TH) and UBS Optimus Foundation (UBS-OF) provide the upfront funding to kick off the program and cover the monthly stipends. Generation Singapore, as the service provider, oversees the training program and provides soft skills training, along with placement services. Upon achieving verified outcomes, the Institute of Policy Studies (part of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore) provides the outcomes funding to fund the next round. Capital is blended in the early stage of the program, with up to 30% of the funding coming from TH and UBS-OF, while at least 70% of the remainder of the funding comes from the government in the form of SkillsFuture funds. This cross-sector collaboration model is a key reason all the partners have bought into this project, with the view that this pilot can become replicable and scalable elsewhere in Southeast Asia.

__What innovative blended finance solutions have you recently implemented or are you currently exploring?__

Currently, we are working on a number of solutions. One of the most interesting, in relation to a key environmental challenge at present, is the use of philanthropic capital to support just transitions related to the early retirement of coal-fired power plants in Southeast Asia. The blending required here, and the additionality sought by philanthropic capital, is not straightforward and requires thinking outside the box to create a win-win-win situation for private, public, and philanthropic organizations.

__What sectors and focus areas are your priorities? Where do you see maximum potential to scale blended finance in the region?__

Recently we have seen a lot of interest in two areas: i) skill building; and ii) the intersection of climate and health. With regard to skill building, we have seen great interest in ethical income share agreements – those which do not make learners worse off than if they were able to access student loans or other educational financing – which typically requires some concessionality, rather than a pure commercial mindset. However, the area with greater potential is at the intersection of health and climate, where we are seeing an emergence of sub-themes including heat-related illnesses, water and food security, mental health impacts, and ocean-linked economic livelihoods. Although both health and climate are relatively well understood on their own, the themes at their intersection are just now coming into focus and being better understood, with new interventions being developed. Blended finance opportunities in this space will need to address how impact-first businesses can scale and become sustainable while being at the leading edge of adaptation solutions that are seen as less interesting (and commercially viable) than mitigation solutions. As a region that will be highly impacted by climate change, Southeast Asia is a strong focus in this space.

__How do you measure impact and evaluate success for your blended finance activities?__

We focus on both traditional and emerging impact indicators. On the traditional side, we track the leverage multiplier created using concessional capital to attract commercial capital. On the emerging side, we focus on the wider ecosystem impacts of blended finance, such as the new entrants to blended finance transactions and whether blended finance projects unlock wider incentives (e.g., the Monetary Authority of Singapore’s tax incentives for family offices1).

__Do you apply a gender lens in your work?__

Though we do not apply a blanket gender lens across all our work, we certainly have seen opportunities to make gender a meaningful part of the conversation. One recent example is the [Skills for Success program](https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7247123147248816128/) which was launched based on the Outcomes Amplifier Pay-for-Success model using funding from TH, UBS-OF, and the Institute of Policy Studies. Given females are highly underrepresented in technology-related roles in Singapore, one of the program targets was to have female participants reach parity with males over the course of the program. This has the added benefit of creating impact beyond the target beneficiaries (at-need youth), drilling down to who would benefit most from the program’s interventions.

__What are some interesting or unexpected challenges Tri-Sector Associates has faced while navigating the blended finance space?__

One of the unexpected elements that we have encountered has been large banks coming to us and wanting to do more in the blended finance space, but being faced with challenges in two areas: i) a lack of a voluminous pipeline of projects; and ii) not enough access to philanthropic capital to meaningfully support projects that are of a sufficient size to make sense for their clients. This shows us that more must be done in the ecosystem to build the components of blended finance before it can truly proliferate in the global market.

__What advice do you have for other non-profit and social enterprises interested in participating in blended finance?__

Being able to ‘speak the language’ of both commercial and concessional capital providers is critical to participating in blended finance. We find that when organizations cannot communicate efficiently, nothing gets done. If you are finding that this is the case, consider hiring an intermediary who can ‘translate’ between all the parties and create cross-sector alignment. This will naturally be an added cost, but will save time and money throughout the process, and many times is the critical factor in whether the project launches.

__Given TSA is a part of the larger Temasek Trust family, how do you collaborate with other entities internally to bring the collective experience of the Temasek group to clients and stakeholders and advance the ecosystem in Asia?__

We are so thankful to be a part of Temasek Trust’s ecosystem, which enables us to support meaningful causes across its network – both in Singapore and the wider region. Our collaborations take various forms: we introduce new ideas, they bring potential projects to us, or we co-create new initiatives. This versatile approach has been key to fostering strong partnerships, as engagement is shaped by the unique needs and opportunities of each collaboration. Likewise, our collective support for the broader ecosystem is not one-size-fits-all, as everyone requires a tailored approach to deliver meaningful impact.

The diversity of the Temasek Trust ecosystem allows us to shape projects that span commercial, concessional, and purely philanthropic capital, while drawing on deep thematic expertise. This convening capability, combined with the ability to bridge perspectives across different sectors, is one of TSA’s value-adds for our partners both within the Temasek Trust ecosystem and beyond. When like-minded partners come together with a shared purpose, the results can be truly transformative.

__How do you see TSA’s blended finance activities evolving in the future?__

As our deal sizes increase over time, we envision more engagement with multilateral development banks and development finance institutions to support the quantum of funding required to finance these projects. Naturally, this could come in the form of a fund. We are especially seeing interest from organizations regarding the management of purely philanthropic funds (e.g., technical assistance facilities), these sit outside of the typical remit of fund managers on the commercial side who are also willing to blend some concessional capital into these funds. Given our strong relationships with philanthropists, this would be a natural next step for TSA.

1. Source: [MAS](https://www.mas.gov.sg/schemes-and-initiatives/fund-tax-incentive-scheme-for-family-offices)

Learn about how Tri-Sector Associates engages in blended finance, their priority sectors, challenges they have faced in the blended finance space, and more.

Tri-Sector Associates Member Spotlight

Tri-Sector Associates Member Spotlight with Chris Glotfelter

Learn how blended finance fits into AECF's approach, how they measure and track impact, the evolution of their business model, and more.

AECF Member Spotlight

Africa Enterprise Challenge Fund Member Spotlight with Victoria Sabula

BPL is a broker specializing exclusively in credit and political risk insurance (CPRI) for financial institutions, development finance agencies, multinational corporations, and investors around the world. They work closely with their clients to structure insurance programs for those engaged in international trade, investment, and lending, primarily to protect against the risk of non-payment by borrowers but also in-country political risks. Since their founding in 1983, they have settled over 600 CPRI claims, collecting over $4 billion on behalf of their clients. 

Investing in emerging markets often comes with high real or perceived risks. In development finance, risk-mitigating instruments such as non-payment insurance and political risk insurance are crucial to help increase origination capacity and adjust the risk-return profile of transactions so that private investors can enter developing countries. In addition to private investors, more development finance institutions (DFIs) and multilateral development banks (MDBs) are benefiting from these insurance products, bolstering their balance sheets and increasing their lending appetite. 

We spoke with Harry McIndoe, Director at BPL, about how insurance is used in the development finance market, BPL’s experience in the blended finance space, advice for those interested in partnering with insurers, and more.

__Can you tell us what products you focus on and the scope of the CPRI market?__

Our core focus is Comprehensive Non-Payment Insurance. This product is similar to a silent risk participation from an A-rated or double A-rated insurer that sits behind the policyholder, thus protecting them from losses on their funded or unfunded exposures. It covers non-payment for any reason so has a very simple trigger. There are roughly 60 active insurers in this space, all of whom are rated S&P A- or higher, with a large proportion now rated AA-. By swapping the counterparty rating with that of the insurer, institutions can recognise huge benefits in terms of balance sheet management and increasing their syndication capacity. 

BPL has been at the forefront of developing the market’s capabilities in recent years, and appetite has expanded to include a wide range of underlying debt instruments and structures. Another focus area is Political Risk Insurance, whereby our clients seek to cover certain specified cross-border country risks, such as expropriation, currency inconvertibility/non-transfer, and war.

__Why did BPL decide to become involved in development finance?__

Helping mobilize finance to where it is needed most has always been a cornerstone of our work. We have been active in development finance since our inception, helping both commercial and non-commercial institutions mitigate credit and country risk exposures, enable larger ticket sizes, and manage capital/balance sheets. Increasingly, we are seeing the power of insurance in derisking development finance. It has been applied across a wide spectrum of underlying exposures and stretched tenors, in the midst of long-term and disruptive trends.

We are keenly aware that CPRI has an important, and sometimes underestimated, role to play in enabling and accelerating the flow of funds to support sustainable objectives – including the transition to a low carbon economy and the mobilization of sustainable finance to developing markets. As an insurance broker we recognize that our ability to directly influence client investments and lending decisions is limited, nevertheless our clients value our support in helping them accelerate towards sustainable objectives. Additionally, our leading market position enables us to offer incisive market intelligence and drive product innovations that support the proliferation of sustainable finance, infrastructure, investments, and ambitions.

__The use of non-payment insurance in blended finance is still niche and often provided by DFIs/MDBs themselves. How has BPL participated in the blended finance space?__

Our work with DFIs/MDBs has primarily been on projects supporting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as financial inclusion, infrastructure, healthcare, sanitation, and utilities. While some of these institutions do issue guarantees/risk covers themselves, many work with the private insurance market to increase origination capacity and syndicate a portion of their own balance sheet exposures.

When it comes to MDBs, non-payment insurance is increasingly relevant in helping to action the recent G20 Capital Adequacy Framework recommendations, which underscores the importance of insurance for enhancing lending capacity and enabling MDBs to leverage their balance sheets. 

In addition, we are often asked to secure non-payment insurance on projects for commercial lenders where there is DFI/MDB involvement, such as project finance transactions where a DFI might be a co-insurer or lender, A/B loans, and more recently, on “repack” transactions whereby private institutional capital can be crowded in with the benefit of A/AA rated insurance coverage. 

Another area where we see engagement is on portfolio and securitization solutions, where the insurance market has considerable appetite to support DFIs/MDBs through a more programmatic approach to risk-sharing and capital management, providing significant benefits at scale.

Our insured portfolio currently stands at approximately $87 billion, with nearly 60% in developing countries. This scale gives us an accurate finger on the pulse of the market and equips us with a real-time view of market appetite across global markets and underlying project types.

__What have you learned about the role of the insurance brokers in blended finance transactions?__

MDBs/DFIs are not too different from commercial financial institution clients in terms of gleaning the best results out of the CPRI market. 

One of the challenges facing insurers in the development finance space is the risk profile of their transactions. DFIs/MDBs have a development mandate, while CPRI insurers active in the market must answer to commercial capital providers. The role of a broker is to navigate this occasional disconnect, underlining the MDB’s preferred creditor status and securing the optimal coverage at the right price, all while keeping in mind that there is a finite amount of credit risk that insurers are willing to take in certain countries.

__What advice would you give to participants in the blended finance market interested in partnering with the insurance industry?__

A potential risk factor for less experienced DFIs/MDBs when it comes to using CPRI can be a lack of understanding of the product or the insurance market. This emphasizes the importance of using a broker who understands the market and can guide them through the process – ideally one with extensive emerging market experience and a good claims track record. These factors help indicate the strength of the broker in building goodwill and relationships with the insurance market on behalf of its client. 

Another critical element when engaging with the insurance market is partnership. If participants embrace that partnership approach and transparency with the market, they can count on a long and fruitful collaboration. Indeed, we find insurers see a lot of value in projects and expertise from DFIs/MDBs and in their origination strategy. Further, insurers tend to appreciate the portfolio and market diversification that such partnerships offer them.

__How do you see BPL’s blended finance activities evolving in the future?__

The SDG funding gap is a huge area of concern that CPRI can play a vital role in bridging. According to the 2024 Financing for Sustainable Development Report, SDG financing and investment gaps are estimated at between $2.5 trillion and $4 trillion annually. At BPL, we are keen to continue building on our 40-year commitment to the development finance space and advocating for the huge value for development financiers that comes from working with the CPRI market. We expect to see much more involvement for BPL as the role of insurance in helping DFIs/MDBs meet their objectives becomes more visible and as insurer appetite becomes increasingly supportive.

Learn how insurance is used in the development finance market, BPL’s experience in the blended finance space, advice for those interested in partnering with insurers, and more.

BPL Member Spotlight

BPL Member Spotlight with Harry McIndoe

UBS Optimus Foundation (UBS OF) is an independent philanthropic foundation associated with UBS, the world’s largest wealth manager. UBS OF uses a range of grant making and investment tools, and approaches such as blended finance and outcomes-based finance, to fund scalable, evidence-based approaches.

UBS OF’s approach is based on a recognition that in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) we need a combination of more financing and better results. To raise more financing, UBS OF follows a dual approach of engaging more UBS clients to donate philanthropically, while at the same time making use of investments, through blended finance structures, to engage more commercial capital into social and environmental development. To achieve better results, UBS OF has strongly engaged in promoting outcomes-based finance, which at its core is simply a shift to paying for results, rather than paying for action. This approach puts the emphasis and ownership on the partners implementing programs, giving them flexibility to innovate, change, and focus on continuous improvement.

We spoke to Dhun Davar, Global Head of Social Finance at UBS OF about how they engage in blended finance as a foundation, how they measure impact, their focus on outcomes-based finance, and much more.

__In your own words, can you tell me about UBS OF and how it engages in blended finance?__

By being closely associated with UBS AG, a major wealth and asset manager managing over USD 5 trillion in assets, UBS Optimus Foundation is in a unique position to draw commercial capital into social and environmental programs that otherwise would not receive funding. This is made possible by approaches such as blended finance and the unique collaboration opportunities with various parts of UBS. Why is that? Because many UBS clients are seeking exposure to impact, and while UBS already has a significant offering, UBS OF engagement expands this offering to further opportunities that would have previously been impossible. These opportunities are of interest to philanthropists that are supporting UBS Optimus Foundation and keen to leverage their impact -  while also offering UBS clients - investment opportunities that did not exist previously or that they would not have had access to.

__Can you describe one or two blended finance transactions that UBS OF has been involved in? In what capacity did the foundation participate?__

UBS OF started making impact investments in 2015 and we launched the first blended finance fund in 2022. Two examples are:

The SDG Outcomes Fund, which is a Luxembourg domiciled fund that invests in outcomes contracts (outcomes-based funding program). UBS OF provides 20% first-loss capital to unlock additional capital from investors in the fund, the UBS OF investment is in turn supported by donations from over 30 UBS clients.

Investors will receive returns linked directly to verified social and environmental outcomes. As the junior/philanthropic share class investor, the Foundation takes the highest risk and lowest return, but if the fund overperforms the foundation can even catch-up to the highest return share class. This is attractive for UBS OF as a fund like this builds on our successful track record in outcomes-based financing, but at the same time raises five times more capital than would have been possible if the Foundation had done it alone.

Other investors include the United States International Development Finance Corporation, British International Investment, as well as four family offices that are leading the private investment component. The fund is being managed by Bridges Outcomes Partnerships, who have a strong track record in outcomes-based finance in the UK, and who have partnered with UBS OF to apply this experience globally in lower and middle income countries. The fund focuses on education, employment, health and the environment.

Another example is the Future of Work fund (FWF), run by Chancen International, a fund that provides financing for students in the form of income share agreements. Given the early nature of this initiative, to date we’ve supported the FWF fund with a grant and with an investment. Student financing is an area we are doubling down on. With global demographic changes currently underway, a large part of the future youth and working age population will live in Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Ensuring people in these regions are well educated and productive will be key for their personal growth and outcomes, the health of the communities they live in, as well as global prosperity.

__How do you measure the impact of your blended finance activities? What does that impact look like?__

We measure impact in blended finance transactions the same way we measure impact in any of the foundation’s other grants and investments. In 2023, we developed and rolled out our own industry-aligned impact rating tool that aims to assess programs against three impact categories: intentionality, additionality, and measurability. What we add or emphasize in blended transactions is the financial leverage and scale that the transaction can achieve. It is important to achieve scale, but also to leverage commercial capital, which is the main point for considering a blended finance transaction.

__What advice do you have for foundations who may be interested in entering the blended finance space?__

We see opportunities for corporate and philanthropic foundations to play a bigger role in de-risking blended finance transactions, catalyzing innovation and enterprise and achieving a much greater multiple in terms of scale than they would otherwise be able to do. Our advice would be to get experience and develop your team and knowledge on approaches, actors, and get access to opportunities. A great way to get started is partnering on a deal or transaction. Perhaps consider partnering with other experienced foundations as a route for engagement and building your capabilities. In short, get engaged!

__UBS OF has been a big supporter of outcomes-based finance transactions, especially in the education and health sectors. What have been some key learnings for supporting these transactions? What are you doing in order to scale up this approach and ensure that such transactions are more efficient/have larger deal sizes.__

The SDG Outcomes Fund is our answer to scale. It is the biggest investment fund in this space so far. In order to develop the market, we are working closely with stakeholders to continue shifting the social development and environmental space to focus on results.

The SDG Outcomes fund is also a way in which we are seeking to transition from investments with concessional capital to pure commercial investments. In early programs, UBS OF acted as the sole investor, however with the SDG Outcomes Fund, we’ve reduced this exposure to 20%, with an aim of such structures being fully funded by commercial investors in the long run.

At the same time, we are working with like-minded partners to build the market for outcomes-based finance by getting more programs into the design and scale stage. One of our key initiatives in this area is the Outcomes Accelerator, which we have launched together with the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO). The objective of the Outcomes Accelerator is to fund promising outcomes based programs to launch and scale. As part of this work, we support an annual conference of practitioners, the [Outcomes Finance Alliance](https://outcomesaccelerator.org/outcomes-finance-alliance/).

Finally, we work with partners such as FCDO, SECO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Economic Forum, and others to advocate for better effectiveness in development funding, with outcomes-based financing being a key lever for this. Next year’s [4th International Finance for Development conference](https://financing.desa.un.org/ffd4), in Seville, Spain, is an opportunity for the global development community to consider how the use of outcomes-based financing, with its focus on better results can help unlock better outcomes in our mission to achieve the SDGs.

__UBS OF has recently become more active in the climate finance space, especially in sectors like nature-based solutions. What has been the motivation for this and what role do you expect to play in this space?__

UBS OF has traditionally been focused on children and young peope, and as it is universally recognized that climate and climate change have a disproportionate effect on children, this is an area that is naturally of interest and importance to us. At the same time, we see significant interest from philanthropists to focus on climate and environments issues and would like to play a role in connecting the dots between well meaning funders and strong project opportunities on the ground. We have decided to focus on nature-based solutions (NbS) in particular as we see these as more sustainable in the long run with emphasis beyond carbon on biodiversity and communities.

In our first work in this space we have partnered with Mana Impact to study best practices in Monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) in NbS and are now engaging with Terratai a “nature venture builder” that builds businesses to protect and restore some of Asia’s most at-risk land and seascapes.

As we engage more deeply we are now working on the design of a blended finance fund focused on carbon using NBS. We are developing this fund in collaboration with UBS Asset Management, with an aim of offering this to UBS clients globally.

__How do you see UBS OF’s blended finance activities evolving in the future?__

We're aiming to grow and scale the number of blended finance transactions in collaboration with UBS. Themes we are particularly interested in are employment and climate though we continue to build on healthcare and education as well. Drawing on our experience and track record we would also like to continue to innovate on the role of concessional funding and see if we can reduce the level needed in each transaction, because rather than volume it is the strategic use of this capital that is important.

Learn how UBS Optimus Foundation engages in blended finance, how they measure impact, their focus on outcomes-based finance, and more.

UBS Optimus Foundation Member Spotlight

UBS Optimus Foundation Member Spotlight with Dhun Davar

Rand Merchant Bank (RMB) is a leading African corporate and investment bank and part of FirstRand Limited, one of the largest financial services groups in Africa. RMB offers their clients innovative, value-added advisory, funding, trading, corporate banking, and principal investing solutions. RMB has a deal footprint in over 35 countries in Africa, as well as a presence in the UK, USA, India, and China. 

We spoke with Alessandro Scalco, Blended Finance Lead, at RMB about their blended finance strategies, how they measure impact, their future in the blended finance space, and more.

__What can you tell us about your approach to using blended finance?__

Although blended finance is an evolving concept in Africa, RMB is very familiar with its features, for example the blending of different risk types in a capital stack. We have identified blended finance as an important capability in delivering on our ambitions for shared prosperity in Africa. We believe that an African corporate and investment bank should be driving blended finance in the region to help find solutions and close developmental funding gaps in Africa.

RMB is currently working on several blended finance deals in South Africa. We are sector agnostic working across a variety of sectors, including healthcare, affordable housing, financial inclusion, and women-led businesses.

__Can you tell us about the partners you work with and any commonalities and differences between them?__

We work with a variety of partners, including local development finance institutions (DFIs), international DFIs, institutional investors, corporates, foundations, and other investor types. One of our focus areas is fostering relationships with local DFIs to work towards closing development financing gaps in Africa. Many of the foundations we’ve engaged with are reassessing their grant programs and are interested in using innovative finance structures to create more impact with their grants.

What is clear from our blended finance engagements is that across the spectrum of stakeholders both impact and financial return is critical. However, different stakeholders have different priorities. Grant and concessional funders prioritize impact, aiming to catalyze investors into transactions to make them bankable. While commercial investors are more focused on financial returns. However, regardless of the type of stakeholder, impact is an essential component of blended finance transactions. For us striking the right balance between both sides, impact and financial return, is critical. 

__Can you share an example of a successful transaction that has benefited from your blended finance approach?__

Blended finance is quite new to RMB in the sense that we haven't structured for the market, but I’ll tell you about a transaction where we were the social investor. 

In March 2023, RMB provided upfront funding as a social investor for the Imagine Social Impact Bond, an outcomes-based funding model aimed at improving the health outcomes of adolescent girls and young women in South Africa. The South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), in its role as outcomes funder, made payments based on the achievement of pre-agreed impact outputs and proxy-outcomes. As the social investor, RMB only received a return on the upfront funding provided. The outcomes funder is only required to make a payment to the extent that the impact outputs and proxy-outcomes are achieved by the programme implementer, Networking AIDS Community of South Africa (NACOSA). NACOSA delivers a package of interventions targeting the prevention and management of HIV/AIDS and pregnancy within the target population. Outcomes achieved each quarter are verified by an Independent Verification Agent (IVA).

The implementation risk of the program is transferred to RMB and the efficiency of public health service funding is increased. In addition to defining a package of health services that improves health outcomes for adolescent girls and young women in 14 schools based in Moretele and Newcastle, the program seeks to test the funding model for scale to enable greater investment from the private sector and achieve both financial and social returns.

Our goal with this transaction was to deepen our understanding of blended finance. It was a key step in our journey towards establishing our blended finance capabilities and getting buy-in from relevant stakeholders, as well as a proof-of-concept that these transactions can work. After seeing the impact that the transaction had and is currently having, we decided that we are quite well suited to structure blended finance transactions and take them to market.

We're already talking to SAMRC, NACOSA, and other organizations about how we can support future funding in the space and structure for that market. 

__What are some ways that RMB measures and evaluates the success and impact of blended finance transactions?__

We currently have a pipeline of about five transactions across healthcare, student accommodation, affordable housing, financial inclusion, and conservation. Measurement and evaluation of success is different for each transaction. The critical first hurdle for us in any transaction is what is the impact? That's always the first question we ask. Then, what is the commercial investor trying to get out of this? What is the return or the impact that they're trying to get and how can we get that right for them? The second aspect is looking at the implementer or the beneficiary of the transaction. What's critical is that there is a measurable outcome, a tangible impact resulting from the measures implemented. Another important element of measuring success for us is ensuring that there's a stretch element to the impact. We want to push the institution or the beneficiary to drive impact and go above and beyond what they might normally do, while still being sustainable and achievable.

In a market like Africa and South Africa you also need to be careful in striking that balance, because if you go too far many projects will fail from an impact perspective, which could lead to the perception that blended finance is ineffective. However, on the other hand if you choose easy targets, you could get criticism that transactions are not impactful enough.

We measure our success and impact by looking at the replicability, scalability, and additionality of each transaction. For example, if we are looking at an outcomes-based funding structure in the conservation space, success for us would be: 
i. creating a transaction that results in the conservation project securing the required funding to achieve scientifically tested and agreed upon success metrics 
ii. crowding in commercial investors to take on the implementation risk (but with the potential to outperform if successful) 
iii. developing the market for these types of instruments, thereby crowding new capital into conservation and shifting the way traditional grant/donation funding is channeled into these projects.

__As a corporate and investment bank, what are some unexpected challenges or opportunities you’ve experienced navigating blended finance transactions?__

Blended finance is still new to the market and a lot of energy is expended on explaining what it is. There is also the risk that some of the deals are too highly structured or complicated and will not be replicated or taken up by traditional investors (i.e. investors other than DFIs or impact focused investors). Access to deals seems to be a common theme in this space right now. This doesn’t mean there aren’t companies who need the capital, we just haven't bridged the gaps to provide funding to those businesses yet. 

The opportunity for us as a bank is to explore how we can close those gaps and create more bankable deals. We are in a good position as RMB to close this gap in that we have a variety of capabilities and skills at our disposal. Additionally, the brand backing goes a long way in legitimizing the importance of blended finance in Africa. 

The struggle we have as a bank is getting the deal size right. We acknowledge that we'll need to look at deals that are not our usual deal size, so we can build our blended finance capabilities. Too often the knee jerk reaction in Africa is to use a debt structure because it's more palatable to investors, but there is a need to use more patient capital. That's something we need to navigate.

__How does RMB apply a gender lens?__

We haven’t reached the maturity yet where we can say we specifically apply a gender lens on investments, but we look at it on a deal-by-deal basis.

The issue facing the South African market now is that there is a lack of investable deals, this is not to say there is a lack of businesses looking to be funded, but rather the traditional sources of funding (i.e. banks) won’t fund early-stage businesses, and if those businesses do find alternative funding, it will often be at a rate that will likely cripple them. It is important that we use blended finance to bridge this gap and create an enabling environment that will result in businesses, particularly those led by women and youth, being able to access patient and enabling capital to support them so they can grow and prosper. 

That’s the key here, by creating a universe in which you can do that you will then be able to apply a gender lens and a youth lens and fund the space more actively because people will feel confident that there is access to finance.

__How do you see RMB’s blended finance activities evolving in the future?__

At RMB we like to stay one step ahead of the market, but also one step abreast with the market. Evolution will be led by the demand in the developmental space. Climate and just transition are the focus right now, but that space is starting to get crowded. We need to identify the next developmental focus area and determine the funding nuances in that space. Healthcare, affordable housing, and water in particular, are becoming very topical on the African continent. It is going to be an evolving space and each of these sectors will have different funding needs. 

More patient capital will be required going forward, so I suspect we will see more “equity like” capital instruments (i.e. convertibles being introduced to bridge the gap between the needs of the market and the developmental funding need). I also believe the use of guarantees will become more prominent as a tool in blended finance, especially to catalyze investments into early-stage projects where the risks are higher or perceived to be higher. Blended finance is going to become more mainstream in Africa, however I would caution that we often overcomplicate blended finance, we structure the structure too much and that crowds out the market. We need to create structures that are replicable, scalable, and simple enough that investors can be comfortable and allocate capital to them.

Learn about Rand Merchant Bank's blended finance strategies, how they measure impact, their future in the blended finance space, and more.

Rand Merchant Bank Member Spotlight

Rand Merchant Bank Member Spotlight with Alessandro Scalco

ResponsAbility is an impact asset manager. Since 2003, they have invested over $15 billion in impactful projects and currently manage $5 billion in assets divided into three investment themes: climate finance, financial inclusion, and sustainable food. Beyond these three core themes they also offer tailor-made and Fund of Funds investment solutions, totaling at $1 billion. 

Blended finance makes up a significant portion of their portfolio. Structured blended finance debt strategies account for over $1.3 billion of responsAbility's assets under management, a figure that’s expected to grow rapidly, especially in climate finance. Two new structured blended finance debt strategies have been launched recently: the Climate Smart Agriculture and Food Systems strategy in March 2023 and the Asia Climate Strategy in November 2023.

We spoke with Henk Nijland, Head Business Development, DFIs & Public Investors, at responsAbility, about their blended finance strategies, how they measure impact, their acquisition by M&G plc., and more.

__Can you tell me about your background and experience in blended finance?__

Blended finance has been a central theme throughout my career. I began my professional journey at the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, where I worked on promoting investments from Dutch companies in Eastern Europe. These investments often required de-risking through subsidies and political risk insurance – what we now recognize as blended finance, even though the term wasn’t in use at the time. 

I later spent 20 years at FMO, the Dutch Development Bank, where I held roles as a banker and head of investment teams focused on financial inclusion, infrastructure, and renewable energy. FMO is well-known in the blended finance arena. I was involved in 2014 with a Climate strategy, which provides green lines to financial institutions and direct lending for smaller project finance transactions. This strategy is managed by responsAbility. FMO’s $20 million investment in the strategy, alongside other notable investors like KfW and IFC1, was a key milestone. Today, the strategy has grown to around $613 million, demonstrating the long-term impact and scalability of blended finance.

1. [Project detail - GLOBAL CLIMATE PARTNERSHIP](https://www.fmo.nl/project-detail/33148)

__Can you tell me more about the Asia Climate Strategy and responsAbility’s role?__

In November 2023, we launched the Asia Climate Strategy, which targets corporates in Asia that operate in sectors with high CO2 reduction potential, including renewable energy, energy efficiency, e-mobility, and circular economy. A cornerstone of this strategy is our innovative "Climate Impact Assessment and Monitoring Framework", which ensures transparency and aims to achieve direct CO2 savings of an estimated 16 million tons2 over the lifetime of the investments. 

KfW, the anchor investor in the junior tranche3, and FMO, in the senior tranche4, play critical roles in this strategy. Additionally, a German family office invested in the senior tranche. In the strategy’s second closing in August 2024, M&G plc’s Life business invested $100 million5, bringing the strategy’s size to over $200 million. This example highlights how blended finance can effectively mobilize private sector capital at scale.

2. Calculations based on USD 500 million strategy
3. [Boost for the transformation in Asia: KfW supports mobilisation of private capital with the responsAbility Asia Climate](https://www.kfw.de/About-KfW/Newsroom/Latest-News/Pressemitteilungen-Details_788544.html)
4. [Project detail - ResponsAbility Asia Climate](https://www.fmo.nl/project-detail/63058)
5. [responsAbility Asia Climate strategy surpassed USD 200 million at second closing](https://www.responsability.com/en/press-releases/responsability-asia-climate-strategy-surpassed-usd-200-million-at-second-closing/)

__How do you measure the impact of responsAbility's blended finance deals?__

We take a rigorous approach to impact measurement, which we call the “4 eyes” principle. It involves two key teams: our in-house impact team and our Climate Advisory Specialist team. The latter comprises local technical experts who work hand in hand with an Investment Officer to estimate the impact of portfolio companies’ projects before and after investment. These specialists gather and analyze climate impact data, which is then validated and reported by our impact team - the two pairs of eyes. 

We’ve also developed a carbon measurement tool that tracks and reports climate impact, ensuring our data is accurate and transparent. Typically, we engage reputable external partners to review the fund’s portfolio carbon impact at the end of its life, further ensuring the veracity of our impact reporting. 

__Last year responsAbility was acquired by M&G plc, can you talk a bit about this and what the acquisition might signal for the impact investing and blended finance space?__

In May 2022, M&G plc., a leading international savings and investment company, acquired responsAbility. This acquisition underscores the growing interest among mainstream investors in impact investing and blended finance, as well as the increasing importance of sustainability in investment decision-making. What makes this acquisition particularly noteworthy is M&G’s active involvement in our recent initiatives. For example, in January 2023, M&G committed $274 million to two sustainable food strategies6 in Latin America and Asia, and in August, M&G’s Life business invested $100 million in the Asia Climate Strategy7. 

These large private investments highlight M&G’s strong commitment to impact investing and serve as a positive signal to other large institutional investors to engage more actively in this space, particularly in our pioneering structured blended finance strategies. 

6. [responsAbility announces first closings of two Sustainable Food strategies totaling USD 274 million](https://www.responsability.com/en/press-releases/responsability-announces-first-closings-of-two-sustainable-food-strategies-totaling-usd-274-million/)
7. [responsAbility Asia Climate strategy surpassed USD 200 million at second closing](https://www.responsability.com/en/press-releases/responsability-asia-climate-strategy-surpassed-usd-200-million-at-second-closing/)

__How do you see responsAbility's blended finance activities evolving in the future?__

Since our inception in 2023, we’ve raised over $2 billion in blended finance across various strategies, including the Global Climate Partnership strategy, the Access to Clean Power strategy, and the Social Bond focussed on financial inclusion, health, water, and sanitation. The Asia Climate Strategy, our newest flagship blended finance strategy, has a target size of $500 million and has already raised over $200 million, we expect to secure the remaining $300 million within the next year. 

Looking ahead, we’re committed to developing more high impact blended finance strategies, particularly in financial inclusion and climate finance, covering both mitigation and adaptation. We’re excited about the future and look forward to collaborating with Convergence and its members to further promote blended finance as a tool to mobilize private investments at scale to reach the SDGs.

Learn about responsAbility's blended finance strategies, how they measure impact, their acquisition by M&G plc., and more.